--- title: He defied her, caught his surf-board, threw it on a wave as it struc… — Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology) · tree and pragmatics description: He defied her, caught his surf-board, threw it on a wave as it struck the encircling wall, then leaped on his board and launched out on the fire-waves. Who acts: cone, board. A sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and the Chiefs of Puna, with its dependen --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/8/91/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mytholo…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/) / [Pele and the Chiefs of Puna](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/8/) / 91 # Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology), Pele and the Chiefs of Puna, sentence 91 He defied her, caught his surf-board, threw it on a wave as it struck the encircling wall, then leaped on his board and launched out on the fire-waves. **Who acts:** cone, board · **What happens:** defy, catch, throw, strike, encircle, leap · **To what, where:** chief, surf board, board, wave, encircling wall, fire waves This is a sentence of «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Pele and the Chiefs of Puna. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (cone, board), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg66516:8:91 # text = He defied her, caught his surf-board, threw it on a wave as it struck the encircling wall, then leaped on his board and launched out on the fire-waves. 1 He he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 nsubj _ _ 2 defied defy VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 3 her she PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 2 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 4 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 5 caught catch VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 conj _ _ 6 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 9 nmod:poss _ _ 7 surf surf NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 8 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 7 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 9 board board NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 10 , , PUNCT , _ 11 punct _ _ 11 threw throw VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 2 parataxis _ _ 12 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 11 obj _ _ 13 on on ADP IN _ 15 case _ _ 14 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 15 wave wave NOUN NN Number=Sing 11 obl _ _ 16 as as SCONJ IN _ 18 mark _ _ 17 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 18 struck strike VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 11 advcl _ _ 19 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 20 encircling encircle VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 21 amod _ _ 21 wall wall NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 22 , , PUNCT , _ 24 punct _ _ 23 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 24 advmod _ _ 24 leaped leap VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 21 acl _ _ 25 on on ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 26 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 27 nmod:poss _ _ 27 board board NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obl _ _ 28 and and CCONJ CC _ 29 cc _ _ 29 launched launch VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 conj _ _ 30 out out ADP RP _ 29 compound:prt _ _ 31 on on ADP IN _ 35 case _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 35 det _ _ 33 fire fire NOUN NN Number=Sing 35 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 34 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 33 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 35 waves wave NOUN NNS Number=Plur 29 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 36 . . PUNCT . _ 2 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **defy** | past | cone | chief | | | | | tree rules | | 2 | **catch** | past | cone *not said here* | cone's surf board | | | | | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent board=Theme | | 3 | **throw** | past | | board | | a wave | | | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent it=Theme on wave=Destination | | 4 | **strike** | past | board | the encircling wall | | | | | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wall=Patient | | 5 | **encircle** | gerund | | | | | | | vn contiguous\_location-47.8 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **leap** | participle | | the encircling wall *not said here* | | cone's board | then | | vn run-51.3.2-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on board=Trajectory | | 7 | **launch out** | past | board *not said here* | | | the fire waves | | | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP PP.destinations»: agent=Agent on wave=Destination | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «Hawaiian Legends of Volcanoes (mythology)» by W. D. Westervelt, Project Gutenberg book 66516 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 90](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/8/90/) - next →: [sentence 92](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/8/92/) - ↑ back to [Pele and the Chiefs of Puna](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66516/8/)