---
title: He taught him how to make plums grow on trees, and how to make groun… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: He taught him how to make plums grow on trees, and how to make ground-cherries come out of his mouth. Who acts: chief, plums, ground cherries. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Grizzly Bear’s Medicine, with its dependency tree and the
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Grizzly Bear’s Medicine, sentence 114

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He taught him how to make plums grow on trees, and how to make ground-cherries come out of his mouth.

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**Who acts:** chief, plums, ground cherries · **What happens:** teach, make, grow, come out · **To what, where:** medicine, trees, mouth

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Grizzly Bear’s Medicine. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (chief, plums, ground cherries), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:10:114
# text = He taught him how to make plums grow on trees, and how to make ground-cherries come out of his mouth.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	taught	teach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obj	_	_
4	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	6	advmod	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
7	plums	plum	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	nsubj	_	_
8	grow	grow	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	6	xcomp	_	_
9	on	on	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
10	trees	tree	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
13	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	15	advmod	_	_
14	to	to	PART	TO	_	15	mark	_	_
15	make	make	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
16	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	cherries	cherry	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	19	nsubj	_	_
19	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	15	ccomp	_	_
20	out	out	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	23	nmod:poss	_	_
23	mouth	mouth	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **teach** *speech: other* | past | chief |  | medicine |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 2 | **make** | to-infinitive | chief *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **grow** | infinitive | plums |  |  | trees |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on tree=Location |
| 4 | **make** | to-infinitive |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **come out** | present | ground cherries | chief's mouth |  |  |  |  | vn become-109.1 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Patient mouth=Result |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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