--- title: As he went on he saw before him a trail and followed it, and when he… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics description: As he went on he saw before him a trail and followed it, and when he came to the head of the ravine there was a big hole in the bank, and the trail led to it. Who acts: boy, trail. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Grizzly Bear’s Medi --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/10/19/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Punishment of the Stingy, and Othe…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/) / [The Grizzly Bear’s Medicine](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/10/) / 19 # The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Grizzly Bear’s Medicine, sentence 19 As he went on he saw before him a trail and followed it, and when he came to the head of the ravine there was a big hole in the bank, and the trail led to it. **Who acts:** boy, trail · **What happens:** go, see, follow, come, lead · **To what, where:** trail, head, ravine This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Grizzly Bear’s Medicine. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy, trail), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg66596:10:19 # text = As he went on he saw before him a trail and followed it, and when he came to the head of the ravine there was a big hole in the bank, and the trail led to it. 1 As as SCONJ IN _ 3 mark _ _ 2 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 3 nsubj _ _ 3 went go VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 4 on on SCONJ IN _ 6 mark _ _ 5 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 nsubj _ _ 6 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 ccomp _ _ 7 before before ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 6 obl _ _ 9 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 trail trail NOUN NN Number=Sing 6 obj _ _ 11 and and CCONJ CC _ 12 cc _ _ 12 followed follow VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 6 conj _ _ 13 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 12 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 14 , , PUNCT , _ 18 punct _ _ 15 and and CCONJ CC _ 18 cc _ _ 16 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 18 advmod _ _ 17 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 18 nsubj _ _ 18 came come VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 3 parataxis _ _ 19 to to ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 20 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 21 det _ _ 21 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 obl _ _ 22 of of ADP IN _ 24 case _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 ravine ravine NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nmod _ _ 25 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 26 expl _ _ 26 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 acl:relcl _ _ 27 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 29 det _ _ 28 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 29 amod _ _ 29 hole hole NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 nsubj _ _ 30 in in ADP IN _ 32 case _ _ 31 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 32 det _ _ 32 bank bank NOUN NN Number=Sing 29 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 33 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 34 and and CCONJ CC _ 37 cc _ _ 35 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 trail trail NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 nsubj _ _ 37 led lead VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 18 conj _ _ 38 to to ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 39 it it PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 37 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 40 . . PUNCT . _ 3 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **go** | past | boy | | | | | | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic | | 2 | **see** | past | boy | a trail | | | before father | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer trail=Stimulus | | 3 | **follow** | past | boy *not said here* | trail | | | | | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme | | 4 | **come** | past | boy | | | the head of the ravine | | | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V PP.initial\_location»: agent=Theme to head=Initial\_Location | | 5 | **lead** | past | the trail | | ravine | | | | vn result-27.2 «NP V PP»: agent=Precondition to it=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 18](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/10/18/) - next →: [sentence 20](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/10/20/) - ↑ back to [The Grizzly Bear’s Medicine](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/10/)