---
title: The first bird that came was a buzzard, then an eagle, then hawks an… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: The first bird that came was a buzzard, then an eagle, then hawks and owls, all kinds of birds that kill their prey. Who acts: first bird, birds. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Grizzly Bear’s Medicine, with its dependency tree and 
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Grizzly Bear’s Medicine, sentence 231

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The first bird that came was a buzzard, then an eagle, then hawks and owls, all kinds of birds that kill their prey.

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**Who acts:** first bird, birds · **What happens:** come, be, kill · **To what, where:** buzzard, prey

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Grizzly Bear’s Medicine. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (first bird, birds), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:10:231
# text = The first bird that came was a buzzard, then an eagle, then hawks and owls, all kinds of birds that kill their prey.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	first	first	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos|NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	3	amod	_	_
3	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
4	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj	_	_
5	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	acl:relcl	_	_
6	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	cop	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	buzzard	buzzard	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
10	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	12	advmod	_	_
11	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	eagle	eagle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	appos	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
14	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	15	advmod	_	_
15	hawks	hawk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	appos	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	owls	owl	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
19	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	20	det	_	_
20	kinds	kind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	8	conj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	birds	bird	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	nmod	_	_
23	that	that	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	24	nsubj	_	_
24	kill	kill	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	acl:relcl	_	_
25	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	prey	prey	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | the first bird |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **is a** | past | the first bird | a buzzard and all kinds of birds |  |  |  | a eagle *appos*; all kinds of birds *conj* | tree rules |
| 3 | **kill** | present | birds | birds's prey |  |  |  |  | vn remove-10.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent prey=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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