--- title: Afterwards, when he looked down on the river, he could see in the wa… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics description: Afterwards, when he looked down on the river, he could see in the water red light as if it were all on fire, and as he lay on the bank he could hear down below him the sound of drumming and singing just as plain as could be, and all the time the chief’s son was hanging there in front of the bank, an --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/10/236/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Punishment of the Stingy, and Othe…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/) / [The Grizzly Bear’s Medicine](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/10/) / 236 # The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Grizzly Bear’s Medicine, sentence 236 Afterwards, when he looked down on the river, he could see in the water red light as if it were all on fire, and as he lay on the bank he could hear down below him the sound of drumming and singing just as plain as could be, and all the time the chief’s son was hanging there in front of the bank, and the poor boy would call down to him to cry and ask the animals to take pity on him. **Who acts:** boy, River, sound, time, poor boy · **What happens:** look down, see, be, lie, hear down, drum · **To what, where:** water red light, bank, sound, front, sun, animals This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Grizzly Bear’s Medicine. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy, River, sound, time), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg66596:10:236 # text = Afterwards, when he looked down on the river, he could see in the water red light as if it were all on fire, and as he lay on the bank he could hear down below him the sound of drumming and singing just as plain as could be, and all the time the chief’s son was hanging there in front of the bank, and the poor boy would call down to him to cry and ask the animals to take pity on him. 1 Afterwards afterwards ADV RB _ 5 advmod _ SpaceAfter=No 2 , , PUNCT , _ 5 punct _ _ 3 when when ADV WRB PronType=Int 5 advmod _ _ 4 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 5 nsubj _ _ 5 looked look VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 6 down down ADP RP _ 5 compound:prt _ _ 7 on on ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 river river NOUN NN Number=Sing 5 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 10 , , PUNCT , _ 13 punct _ _ 11 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nsubj _ _ 12 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 13 aux _ _ 13 see see VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 5 conj _ _ 14 in in ADP IN _ 18 case _ _ 15 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 18 det _ _ 16 water water NOUN NN Number=Sing 18 compound _ _ 17 red red ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 18 amod _ _ 18 light light NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ _ 19 as as ADP IN ExtPos=ADP 25 case _ _ 20 if if SCONJ IN _ 19 fixed _ _ 21 it it PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nsubj _ _ 22 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 25 cop _ _ 23 all all ADV RB _ 25 advmod _ _ 24 on on ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 25 fire fire NOUN NN Number=Sing 13 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 26 , , PUNCT , _ 30 punct _ _ 27 and and CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 28 as as SCONJ IN _ 30 mark _ _ 29 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ _ 30 lay lie VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 5 parataxis _ _ 31 on on ADP IN _ 33 case _ _ 32 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 33 det _ _ 33 bank bank NOUN NN Number=Sing 30 obl _ _ 34 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 nsubj _ _ 35 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 36 aux _ _ 36 hear hear VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 30 ccomp _ _ 37 down down ADP RP _ 36 compound:prt _ _ 38 below below ADP IN _ 39 case _ _ 39 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 36 obl _ _ 40 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 41 det _ _ 41 sound sound NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obj _ _ 42 of of SCONJ IN _ 43 mark _ _ 43 drumming drum VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 41 acl _ _ 44 and and CCONJ CC _ 45 cc _ _ 45 singing sing VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 43 conj _ _ 46 just just ADV RB _ 48 advmod _ _ 47 as as ADV RB _ 48 advmod _ _ 48 plain plain ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 45 xcomp _ _ 49 as as SCONJ IN _ 51 mark _ _ 50 could could AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 51 aux _ _ 51 be be AUX VB VerbForm=Inf 48 advcl _ SpaceAfter=No 52 , , PUNCT , _ 62 punct _ _ 53 and and CCONJ CC _ 62 cc _ _ 54 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 56 det:predet _ _ 55 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 56 det _ _ 56 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 62 nsubj _ _ 57 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 58 det _ _ 58 chief chief NOUN NN Number=Sing 60 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 59 ’s 's PART POS _ 58 case _ _ 60 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 56 nmod _ _ 61 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 62 aux _ _ 62 hanging hang VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 30 conj _ _ 63 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 62 advmod _ _ 64 in in ADP IN _ 65 case _ _ 65 front front NOUN NN Number=Sing 62 obl _ _ 66 of of ADP IN _ 68 case _ _ 67 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 68 det _ _ 68 bank bank NOUN NN Number=Sing 65 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 69 , , PUNCT , _ 75 punct _ _ 70 and and CCONJ CC _ 75 cc _ _ 71 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 73 det _ _ 72 poor poor ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 73 amod _ _ 73 boy boy NOUN NN Number=Sing 75 nsubj _ _ 74 would would AUX MD VerbForm=Fin 75 aux _ _ 75 call call VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 62 parataxis _ _ 76 down down ADV RB _ 75 advmod _ _ 77 to to ADP IN _ 78 case _ _ 78 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 75 obl _ _ 79 to to PART TO _ 80 mark _ _ 80 cry cry VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 75 advcl _ _ 81 and and CCONJ CC _ 82 cc _ _ 82 ask ask VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 80 conj _ _ 83 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 84 det _ _ 84 animals animal NOUN NNS Number=Plur 82 obj _ _ 85 to to PART TO _ 86 mark _ _ 86 take take VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 82 xcomp _ _ 87 pity pity NOUN NN Number=Sing 86 obj _ _ 88 on on ADP IN _ 89 case _ _ 89 him he PRON PRP Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 86 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 90 . . PUNCT . _ 5 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **look down** | past | boy | | | | | on the river; afterwards *property* | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent on river=Theme | | 2 | **see** | could | boy | | | the water red light | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 3 | **is** | past | River | | | | | as fire; all *property* | tree rules | | 4 | **lie** | past | boy | | | the bank | | | tree rules | | 5 | **hear down** | could | boy | the sound | | | | below sun | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer sound=Stimulus | | 6 | **drum** | gerund | the sound *not said here* | | | | | | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **sing** *speech: express* | gerund | the sound *not said here* | | | | | plain *property* | vn sound\_emission-43.2 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 8 | **hang** | past · progressive | all time the chief's son | | | front of the bank; there | | | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in front=Location | | 9 | **call down** *speech: assert* | would | the poor boy | | sun | | | down *property* | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V PP.recipient»: agent=Agent to he=Recipient | | 10 | **cry** *speech: express* | to-infinitive | the poor boy *not said here* | | | | | | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 11 | **ask** *speech: ask* | infinitive | the poor boy *not said here* | | the animals | | | | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP whether S\_INF»: agent=Agent animal=Recipient clause=Topic | | 12 | **take** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the poor boy *not said here* | pity | | | | on boy | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP PP.destination»: agent=Agent pity=Theme on he=Destination | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 235](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/10/235/) - next →: [sentence 237](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/10/237/) - ↑ back to [The Grizzly Bear’s Medicine](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/10/)