---
title: Plover Call shut her eyes, nearly fainting at the dreadful sight, an… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: Plover Call shut her eyes, nearly fainting at the dreadful sight, and her heart stood still from fear. Who acts: Plover, heart. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Thunder Maker and Cold Maker, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Thunder Maker and Cold Maker, sentence 119

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Plover Call shut her eyes, nearly fainting at the dreadful sight, and her heart stood still from fear.

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**Who acts:** Plover, heart · **What happens:** shut, faint, stand · **To what, where:** eyes, fear

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Thunder Maker and Cold Maker. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Plover, heart), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:12:119
# text = Plover Call shut her eyes, nearly fainting at the dreadful sight, and her heart stood still from fear.
1	Plover	Plover	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
2	Call	Call	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	1	flat	_	_
3	shut	shut	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	5	nmod:poss	_	_
5	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	nearly	nearly	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	_
8	fainting	faint	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
9	at	at	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	dreadful	dreadful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	sight	sight	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
14	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
15	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	heart	heart	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
17	stood	stand	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
18	still	still	ADV	RB	_	17	advmod	_	_
19	from	from	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
20	fear	fear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **shut** | past | Plover | Plover's eyes |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP V NP.patient»: agent=Agent eye=Patient |
| 2 | **faint** | gerund | Plover *not said here* |  |  |  |  | at the dreadful sight; nearly *property* | vn change\_bodily\_state-40.8.4 «NP V PP.stimulus»: agent=Experiencer at sight=Stimulus |
| 3 | **stand** | past | Plover's heart |  |  | fear | still |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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