---
title: Besides, down here it is still summer weather, while up there where… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: Besides, down here it is still summer weather, while up there where they are it is already freezing at night.” Who acts: foolish, people. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Thunder Maker and Cold Maker, with its dependency tree and the pra
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Thunder Maker and Cold Maker, sentence 29

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Besides, down here it is still summer weather, while up there where they are it is already freezing at night.”

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**Who acts:** foolish, people · **What happens:** be · **To what, where:** summer weather

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Thunder Maker and Cold Maker. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (foolish, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:12:29
# text = Besides, down here it is still summer weather, while up there where they are it is already freezing at night.”
1	Besides	besides	INTJ	UH	_	4	discourse	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	down	down	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	here	here	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	0	root	_	_
5	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
6	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	9	cop	_	_
7	still	still	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	summer	summer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	compound	_	_
9	weather	weather	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
11	while	while	SCONJ	IN	_	13	mark	_	_
12	up	up	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	conj	_	_
14	where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	20	advmod	_	_
15	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
16	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
18	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	aux	_	_
19	already	already	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	_
20	freezing	freeze	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	advcl	_	_
21	at	at	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	night	night	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | present | foolish | summer weather |  |  | still |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **is** | present · progressive | people |  |  |  | night | foolish *nsubj*; freeze *property* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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