---
title: Every morning Low Wolf went out to hunt, and his wife and daughter d… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: Every morning Low Wolf went out to hunt, and his wife and daughter dried the meat that he brought in, tanned soft robes for sleeping and for covering, and cut great piles of fire-wood against the cold of approaching winter. Who acts: Low Wolf, wife, Wolf, cold. A sentence of «The Punishment of the S
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Thunder Maker and Cold Maker, sentence 31

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Every morning Low Wolf went out to hunt, and his wife and daughter dried the meat that he brought in, tanned soft robes for sleeping and for covering, and cut great piles of fire-wood against the cold of approaching winter.

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**Who acts:** Low Wolf, wife, Wolf, cold · **What happens:** go out, hunt, dry, bring in, tan, cut · **To what, where:** meat, soft robes, great piles

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Thunder Maker and Cold Maker. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Low Wolf, wife, Wolf, cold), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:12:31
# text = Every morning Low Wolf went out to hunt, and his wife and daughter dried the meat that he brought in, tanned soft robes for sleeping and for covering, and cut great piles of fire-wood against the cold of approaching winter.
1	Every	every	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	2	det	_	_
2	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
3	Low	low	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
4	Wolf	Wolf	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	out	out	ADV	RB	_	5	advmod	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	hunt	hunt	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	5	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	15	punct	_	_
10	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
11	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	12	nmod:poss	_	_
12	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nsubj	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
14	daughter	daughter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	conj	_	_
15	dried	dry	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	meat	meat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
18	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	20	mark	_	_
19	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	brought	bring	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	advcl	_	_
21	in	in	ADV	RB	_	20	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	tanned	tan	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	15	conj	_	_
24	soft	soft	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	robes	robe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	23	obj	_	_
26	for	for	ADP	IN	_	27	case	_	_
27	sleeping	sleeping	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nmod	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
29	for	for	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
30	covering	covering	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
31	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	33	punct	_	_
32	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
33	cut	cut	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	parataxis	_	_
34	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	piles	pile	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	obj	_	_
36	of	of	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
37	fire	fire	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	37	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	wood	wood	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	nmod	_	_
40	against	against	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	42	det	_	_
42	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	nmod	_	_
43	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	44	mark	_	_
44	approaching	approach	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	42	acl	_	_
45	winter	winter	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	44	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
46	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **go out** | past | Low Wolf |  |  |  | morning | out *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **hunt** | to-infinitive | Low Wolf *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **dry** | past | Wolf's wife and daughter | the meat |  |  |  |  | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient meat=Result |
| 4 | **bring in** | past | Wolf |  |  |  |  |  | vn earn-54.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **tan** | past | Wolf's wife and daughter *not said here* | soft robes and covering |  |  |  | for sleeping | vn dress-41.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent robe=Patient |
| 6 | **cut** | past |  | great piles of fire wood against the cold |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset pile=Product |
| 7 | **approach** | gerund | the cold *not said here* |  |  |  | winter |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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