---
title: Listening to him, both Plover Call and her father were ashamed of th… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: Listening to him, both Plover Call and her father were ashamed of their fears, and resolved to make amends by treating the young man as kindly as they knew how. Who acts: Plover Call, people. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Thunder Make
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Thunder Maker and Cold Maker, sentence 71

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Listening to him, both Plover Call and her father were ashamed of their fears, and resolved to make amends by treating the young man as kindly as they knew how.

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**Who acts:** Plover Call, people · **What happens:** listen, be, resolve, make, treat, know · **To what, where:** husband, amends, young man

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Thunder Maker and Cold Maker. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Plover Call, people), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:12:71
# text = Listening to him, both Plover Call and her father were ashamed of their fears, and resolved to make amends by treating the young man as kindly as they knew how.
1	Listening	listen	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	csubj	_	_
2	to	to	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
3	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	1	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
4	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
5	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	7	nsubj	_	_
6	Plover	Plover	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	7	compound	_	_
7	Call	Call	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	father	father	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	_
11	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
12	ashamed	ashamed	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
13	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	15	nmod:poss	_	_
15	fears	fear	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	12	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	resolved	resolve	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	conj	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	make	make	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	xcomp	_	_
21	amends	amend	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	20	obj	_	_
22	by	by	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
23	treating	treat	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	20	advcl	_	_
24	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
25	young	young	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obj	_	_
27	as	as	ADV	RB	_	28	advmod	_	_
28	kindly	kindly	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
29	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	31	mark	_	_
30	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	31	nsubj	_	_
31	knew	know	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	advcl	_	_
32	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	31	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **listen** | gerund |  |  | husband |  |  |  | vn peer-30.3 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Agent to he=Theme |
| 2 | **is** | past | Plover Call and Call's father |  |  |  |  | of people's fears; ashamed *property* | tree rules |
| 3 | **resolve** | participle | Plover Call and Call's father *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **make** | to-infinitive | Plover Call and Call's father *not said here* | amends |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset amend=Product |
| 5 | **treat** | gerund | Plover Call and Call's father *not said here* |  | the young man |  |  | kindly *property* | vn equip-13.4.2-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent man=Recipient |
| 6 | **know** | past | people |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer |
| 7 | **fear** |  | people |  |  |  |  |  | nom fear «feeling transitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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