---
title: “Snow will not fall for one or two moons,” they said, “and there are… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: “Snow will not fall for one or two moons,” they said, “and there are still plenty of elk, deer, moose, and other small game close by. Who acts: Snow. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Thunder Maker and Cold Maker, with its dependency tree
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Thunder Maker and Cold Maker, sentence 9

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“Snow will not fall for one or two moons,” they said, “and there are still plenty of elk, deer, moose, and other small game close by.

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**Who acts:** Snow · **What happens:** not fall, say, be · **To what, where:** plenty · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Thunder Maker and Cold Maker. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Snow), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:12:9
# text = “Snow will not fall for one or two moons,” they said, “and there are still plenty of elk, deer, moose, and other small game close by.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Snow	snow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
3	will	will	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
4	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	5	advmod	_	_
5	fall	fall	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	ccomp	_	_
6	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
7	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
8	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	two	two	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	7	conj	_	_
10	moons	moon	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	5	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	5	punct	_	_
13	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
16	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	21	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	19	expl	_	_
19	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
20	still	still	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
21	plenty	plenty	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	23	case	_	_
23	elk	elk	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
25	deer	deer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
27	moose	moose	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
30	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
31	small	small	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	game	game	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	conj	_	_
33	close	close	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
34	by	by	ADP	IN	_	33	fixed	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **not** **fall** *in a quote* | future | Snow |  |  |  |  | for one moons | vn long-32.2 «NP V PP.theme»: agent=Pivot for moon=Theme |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | snow |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **is a** *in a quote* | present |  | plenty and deer and moose and other small game |  |  |  | of elk; deer *conj*; moose *conj*; other small game *conj* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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