--- title: Again and again, four times in all, the bird made a rushing dive at… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics description: Again and again, four times in all, the bird made a rushing dive at the helpless man, and each time he heard its nearing cry he prayed, crying out that he had not come to harm its young, but to ask its aid. Who acts: bird, hurricane, dive. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other India --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/13/104/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Punishment of the Stingy, and Othe…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/) / [The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/13/) / 104 # The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk, sentence 104 Again and again, four times in all, the bird made a rushing dive at the helpless man, and each time he heard its nearing cry he prayed, crying out that he had not come to harm its young, but to ask its aid. **Who acts:** bird, hurricane, dive · **What happens:** make, rush, hear, near, pray, cry out · **To what, where:** rushing dive, cry, young, aid · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bird, hurricane, dive), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg66596:13:104 # text = Again and again, four times in all, the bird made a rushing dive at the helpless man, and each time he heard its nearing cry he prayed, crying out that he had not come to harm its young, but to ask its aid. 1 Again again ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 2 and and CCONJ CC _ 3 cc _ _ 3 again again ADV RB _ 1 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 4 , , PUNCT , _ 1 punct _ _ 5 four four NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 6 nummod _ _ 6 times time NOUN NNS Number=Plur 12 obl:unmarked _ _ 7 in in ADP IN _ 8 case _ _ 8 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 6 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 9 , , PUNCT , _ 6 punct _ _ 10 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 11 det _ _ 11 bird bird NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 nsubj _ _ 12 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 14 rushing rush VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 15 amod _ _ 15 dive dive NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obj _ _ 16 at at ADP IN _ 19 case _ _ 17 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 18 helpless helpless ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 19 man man NOUN NN Number=Sing 12 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 20 , , PUNCT , _ 25 punct _ _ 21 and and CCONJ CC _ 25 cc _ _ 22 each each DET DT PronType=Tot 23 det _ _ 23 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 25 obl:unmarked _ _ 24 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 25 nsubj _ _ 25 heard hear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 12 parataxis _ _ 26 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 27 nsubj _ _ 27 nearing near VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 25 ccomp _ _ 28 cry cry NOUN NN Number=Sing 27 obj _ _ 29 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 30 nsubj _ _ 30 prayed pray VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 28 acl:relcl _ SpaceAfter=No 31 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 32 crying cry VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 27 conj _ _ 33 out out ADP RP _ 32 compound:prt _ _ 34 that that SCONJ IN _ 38 mark _ _ 35 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 38 nsubj _ _ 36 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 38 aux _ _ 37 not not PART RB Polarity=Neg 38 advmod _ _ 38 come come VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 32 advcl _ _ 39 to to PART TO _ 40 mark _ _ 40 harm harm VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 38 xcomp _ _ 41 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 42 nmod:poss _ _ 42 young young NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 43 , , PUNCT , _ 46 punct _ _ 44 but but CCONJ CC _ 46 cc _ _ 45 to to PART TO _ 46 mark _ _ 46 ask ask VERB VB VerbForm=Inf 25 conj _ _ 47 its its PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 48 nmod:poss _ _ 48 aid aid NOUN NN Number=Sing 46 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 49 . . PUNCT . _ 12 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **make** | past | the bird | a rushing dive | | | time | at the helpless man | vn build-26.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent dive=Product | | 2 | **rush** | gerund | | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **hear** | past | hurricane | | | | time | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus | | 4 | **near** | gerund | dive | cry | | | | | tree rules | | 5 | **pray** | past | hurricane | cry *not said here* | | | | | tree rules | | 6 | **cry out** *speech: express* | gerund | dive *not said here* | | | | | | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 7 | **not** **come** | past | hurricane | | | | | | tree rules | | 8 | **harm** | to-infinitive | hurricane *not said here* | dive's young | | | | | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus young=Experiencer | | 9 | **ask** *speech: ask* | to-infinitive | hurricane *not said here* | dive's aid | | | | | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent aid=Recipient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 103](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/13/103/) - next →: [sentence 105](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/13/105/) - ↑ back to [The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/13/)