---
title: Then the bird began, and through the long morning taught Pi-waṕ-ōk,… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: Then the bird began, and through the long morning taught Pi-waṕ-ōk, showing him the secret of many wonderful things, telling him how and what to use for certain ailments. Who acts: bird, Pi. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Blindness
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk, sentence 122

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Then the bird began, and through the long morning taught Pi-waṕ-ōk, showing him the secret of many wonderful things, telling him how and what to use for certain ailments.

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**Who acts:** bird, Pi · **What happens:** begin, be, show, tell, use · **To what, where:** waṕ ōk, secret, Pi · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bird, Pi), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:13:122
# text = Then the bird began, and through the long morning taught Pi-waṕ-ōk, showing him the secret of many wonderful things, telling him how and what to use for certain ailments.
1	Then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	4	advmod	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
6	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
7	through	through	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	long	long	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
11	taught	teach	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	cop	_	_
12	Pi	Pi	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	nsubj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	12	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	waṕ	waṕ	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	16	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	ōk	ōk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
18	showing	show	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
19	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	iobj	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	secret	secret	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
23	many	many	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
24	wonderful	wonderful	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	25	amod	_	_
25	things	thing	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
26	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
27	telling	tell	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	conj	_	_
28	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	iobj	_	_
29	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	33	advmod	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	33	cc	_	_
31	what	what	PRON	WP	PronType=Int	33	obj	_	_
32	to	to	PART	TO	_	33	mark	_	_
33	use	use	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	27	xcomp	_	_
34	for	for	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
35	certain	certain	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	36	amod	_	_
36	ailments	ailment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	33	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
37	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | the bird |  |  |  | then |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **is a** | participle | Pi | waṕ ōk |  |  | morning |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **show** | gerund | the bird *not said here* | the secret of many wonderful things | Pi |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP-Dative NP»: agent=Agent he=Recipient secret=Topic |
| 4 | **tell** *speech: assert* | gerund | the bird *not said here* |  | Pi |  |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent he=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 5 | **use** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | the bird *not said here* |  |  |  |  | for certain ailments; what *obj* | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP PP.predicate»: agent=Agent what=Theme for ailment=Eventuality |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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