---
title: “You are on the prairie at the top of the cliff,” the bird continued… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: “You are on the prairie at the top of the cliff,” the bird continued; “your friend is sitting away over there on a point. Who acts: You, bird, friend. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk, with its dependency tree 
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk, sentence 127

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“You are on the prairie at the top of the cliff,” the bird continued; “your friend is sitting away over there on a point.

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**Who acts:** You, bird, friend · **What happens:** be, continue, sit away · **To what, where:** prairie, point · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (You, bird, friend), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:13:127
# text = “You are on the prairie at the top of the cliff,” the bird continued; “your friend is sitting away over there on a point.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	You	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
3	are	be	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=2|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
4	on	on	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
5	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	prairie	prairie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	ccomp	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
9	top	top	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nmod	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	cliff	cliff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	6	punct	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
17	continued	continue	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	17	punct	_	_
19	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	friend	friend	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
22	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
23	sitting	sit	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	17	advcl	_	_
24	away	away	ADV	RB	_	23	advmod	_	_
25	over	over	ADV	RB	_	26	advmod	_	_
26	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	23	advmod	_	_
27	on	on	ADP	IN	_	29	case	_	_
28	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	29	det	_	_
29	point	point	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	23	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
30	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	17	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** *in a quote* | present | You |  |  | the prairie |  | at the top of the cliff | tree rules |
| 2 | **continue** | past | the bird |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **sit away** *in a quote* | present · progressive | your friend |  |  | a point; there |  | away *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent on point=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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