---
title: I had stabbed and taken the scalp of one Crow, and was turning to st… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: I had stabbed and taken the scalp of one Crow, and was turning to struggle with the other, when the dead one sprang up, all bleeding and sightless, the loose skin of the forehead hanging over his eyes, and with a loud cry struck me with the war-club still hanging from his wrist. Who acts: I, dead on
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk, sentence 21

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I had stabbed and taken the scalp of one Crow, and was turning to struggle with the other, when the dead one sprang up, all bleeding and sightless, the loose skin of the forehead hanging over his eyes, and with a loud cry struck me with the war-club still hanging from his wrist.

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**Who acts:** I, dead one, all, forehead, war club · **What happens:** stab, take, turn, struggle, spring up, bleed · **To what, where:** scalp, loose skin, eyes, me, wrist

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (I, dead one, all, forehead), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:13:21
# text = I had stabbed and taken the scalp of one Crow, and was turning to struggle with the other, when the dead one sprang up, all bleeding and sightless, the loose skin of the forehead hanging over his eyes, and with a loud cry struck me with the war-club still hanging from his wrist.
1	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	aux	_	_
3	stabbed	stab	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
4	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	5	cc	_	_
5	taken	take	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	3	conj	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	scalp	scalp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	of	of	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	10	nummod	_	_
10	Crow	crow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	14	cc	_	_
13	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
14	turning	turn	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	3	advcl	_	_
15	to	to	PART	TO	_	16	mark	_	_
16	struggle	struggle	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	xcomp	_	_
17	with	with	ADP	IN	_	19	case	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	other	other	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	25	punct	_	_
21	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	25	advmod	_	_
22	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
23	dead	dead	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	24	amod	_	_
24	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	nsubj	_	_
25	sprang	spring	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	conj	_	_
26	up	up	ADP	RP	_	25	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	29	punct	_	_
28	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	29	nsubj	_	_
29	bleeding	bleed	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	14	conj	_	_
30	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
31	sightless	sightless	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	29	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	35	punct	_	_
33	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	35	det	_	_
34	loose	loose	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	35	amod	_	_
35	skin	skin	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	29	obl	_	_
36	of	of	ADP	IN	_	38	case	_	_
37	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	38	det	_	_
38	forehead	forehead	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	35	nmod	_	_
39	hanging	hang	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	38	acl	_	_
40	over	over	ADP	IN	_	42	case	_	_
41	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	42	nmod:poss	_	_
42	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	39	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
43	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	49	punct	_	_
44	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	49	cc	_	_
45	with	with	ADP	IN	_	48	case	_	_
46	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	48	det	_	_
47	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	48	amod	_	_
48	cry	cry	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	obl	_	_
49	struck	strike	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
50	me	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	49	obj	_	_
51	with	with	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
52	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	55	det	_	_
53	war	war	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	55	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
54	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	53	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
55	club	club	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	49	obl	_	_
56	still	still	ADV	RB	_	57	advmod	_	_
57	hanging	hang	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	55	acl	_	_
58	from	from	ADP	IN	_	60	case	_	_
59	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	60	nmod:poss	_	_
60	wrist	wrist	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	57	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
61	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stab** | past · perfect | I |  |  |  |  |  | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **take** | participle | I *not said here* | the scalp of one Crow |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent scalp=Theme |
| 3 | **turn** | past · progressive | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **struggle** | to-infinitive | I *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with the other | vn battle-36.4 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with other=Co-Agent |
| 5 | **spring up** | participle | the dead one |  |  |  |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **bleed** | gerund | all | the loose skin of the forehead |  |  |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Source |
| 7 | **hang** | gerund | the forehead *not said here* |  |  | Crow's eyes |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent over eye=Location |
| 8 | **strike** | past | I *not said here* | me |  |  |  | with a loud cry; with the war club | vn hit-18.1-1 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent i=Patient with cry=Instrument |
| 9 | **hang** | gerund | the war club *not said here* |  |  | Crow's wrist | still |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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