---
title: His wife was kind, cheering him with her constant talk and making li… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: His wife was kind, cheering him with her constant talk and making light of their great misfortune. Who acts: wife. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk, sentence 50

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His wife was kind, cheering him with her constant talk and making light of their great misfortune.

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**Who acts:** wife · **What happens:** be, cheer, make, talk, light · **To what, where:** man, light, great misfortune

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (wife), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:13:50
# text = His wife was kind, cheering him with her constant talk and making light of their great misfortune.
1	His	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	2	nmod:poss	_	_
2	wife	wife	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
3	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
4	kind	kind	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	cheering	cheer	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
7	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	with	with	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
9	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
10	constant	constant	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	amod	_	_
11	talk	talk	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	6	conj	_	_
14	light	light	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obj	_	_
15	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
16	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
17	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	18	amod	_	_
18	misfortune	misfortune	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | man's wife |  |  |  |  | kind *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **cheer** | gerund | man's wife *not said here* | man |  |  |  | with wife's constant talk | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Stimulus he=Experiencer |
| 3 | **make** | gerund | man's wife *not said here* | light of life's great misfortune |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset light=Product |
| 4 | **talk** |  | wife |  |  |  |  |  | nom talk «communication intransitive»: poss=agent |
| 5 | **light** |  |  | life's great misfortune |  |  |  |  | nom light «phenomenon transitive»: of=patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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