--- title: The people were camping along the foothills of the mountains, and on… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics description: The people were camping along the foothills of the mountains, and one evening, after a long day’s travel, the lodges were pitched by a wooded stream, and right under a high sandstone cliff which formed one side of the valley. Who acts: people, wooded stream, high sandstone cliff, long day. A sentenc --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/13/58/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Punishment of the Stingy, and Othe…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/) / [The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/13/) / 58 # The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk, sentence 58 The people were camping along the foothills of the mountains, and one evening, after a long day’s travel, the lodges were pitched by a wooded stream, and right under a high sandstone cliff which formed one side of the valley. **Who acts:** people, wooded stream, high sandstone cliff, long day · **What happens:** camp, pitch, wood, form, travel · **To what, where:** lodges, one side This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, wooded stream, high sandstone cliff, long day), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg66596:13:58 # text = The people were camping along the foothills of the mountains, and one evening, after a long day’s travel, the lodges were pitched by a wooded stream, and right under a high sandstone cliff which formed one side of the valley. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 3 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 4 aux _ _ 4 camping camp VERB VBG Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part 0 root _ _ 5 along along ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 foothills foothill NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 obl _ _ 8 of of ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 9 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 10 det _ _ 10 mountains mountain NOUN NNS Number=Plur 7 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 14 punct _ _ 12 and and CCONJ CC _ 14 cc _ _ 13 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 14 nummod _ _ 14 evening evening NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 15 , , PUNCT , _ 21 punct _ _ 16 after after ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 17 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 19 det _ _ 18 long long ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 19 amod _ _ 19 day day NOUN NN Number=Sing 21 nmod:poss _ SpaceAfter=No 20 ’s 's PART POS _ 19 case _ _ 21 travel travel NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 parataxis _ SpaceAfter=No 22 , , PUNCT , _ 26 punct _ _ 23 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 24 det _ _ 24 lodges lodge NOUN NNS Number=Plur 26 nsubj:pass _ _ 25 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 26 aux:pass _ _ 26 pitched pitch VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 21 acl:relcl _ _ 27 by by ADP IN _ 30 case _ _ 28 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 30 det _ _ 29 wooded wood VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 30 amod _ _ 30 stream stream NOUN NN Number=Sing 26 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 31 , , PUNCT , _ 33 punct _ _ 32 and and CCONJ CC _ 33 cc _ _ 33 right right ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 21 parataxis _ _ 34 under under ADP IN _ 38 case _ _ 35 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 38 det _ _ 36 high high ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 38 amod _ _ 37 sandstone sandstone NOUN NN Number=Sing 38 compound _ _ 38 cliff cliff NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 obl _ _ 39 which which PRON WDT PronType=Rel 40 nsubj _ _ 40 formed form VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 38 acl:relcl _ _ 41 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 42 nummod _ _ 42 side side NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 obj _ _ 43 of of ADP IN _ 45 case _ _ 44 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 45 det _ _ 45 valley valley NOUN NN Number=Sing 42 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 46 . . PUNCT . _ 4 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **camp** | past · progressive | the people | | | | evening | along the foothills of the mountains; a long day's travel *parataxis* | vn odge-46-1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme | | 2 | **pitch** | past · passive | a wooded stream | the lodges | | | | | vn throw-17.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent subject=Theme | | 3 | **wood** | participle | | | | | | | tree rules | | 4 | **form** | past | a high sandstone cliff | one side of the valley | | | | | vn appear-48.1.1 «PP.location V NP»: agent=Location side=Theme | | 5 | **travel** | | a long day | | | | | | nom travel «act intransitive»: poss=agent | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 57](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/13/57/) - next →: [sentence 59](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/13/59/) - ↑ back to [The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/13/)