---
title: The couple had no children, and they said that unless a crowd of gue… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: The couple had no children, and they said that unless a crowd of guests feasted and smoked in their lodge of an evening, they felt lonesome. Who acts: couple, children. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk, with it
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk, sentence 6

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The couple had no children, and they said that unless a crowd of guests feasted and smoked in their lodge of an evening, they felt lonesome.

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**Who acts:** couple, children · **What happens:** have, say, feast, smoke, feel · **To what, where:** children, lodge, lonesome · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Blindness of Pi-waṕ-ōk. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (couple, children), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:13:6
# text = The couple had no children, and they said that unless a crowd of guests feasted and smoked in their lodge of an evening, they felt lonesome.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	couple	couple	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	nsubj	_	_
3	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	5	det	_	_
5	children	child	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	3	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
8	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	parataxis	_	_
10	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	16	mark	_	_
11	unless	unless	SCONJ	IN	_	13	case	_	_
12	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	crowd	crowd	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	obl	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	guests	guest	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
16	feasted	feast	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	9	ccomp	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	smoked	smoke	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	16	conj	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	lodge	lodge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
22	of	of	ADP	IN	_	24	case	_	_
23	an	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	evening	evening	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	27	punct	_	_
26	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
27	felt	feel	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
28	lonesome	lonesome	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **have** | past | the couple | no children |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent child=Patient |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | children *= child* |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **feast** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | unless a crowd of guests | vn dine-39.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **smoke** | participle |  |  |  | children's lodge of a evening |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 5 | **feel** | past | children *= child* | lonesome |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent lonesome=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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