---
title: The tube which had held the ramrod in its place had been broken off,… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: The tube which had held the ramrod in its place had been broken off, and there was no way to carry the rod except in the barrel of the gun. Who acts: way. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Ragged Head, with its dependency tree and the pra
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Ragged Head, sentence 39

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The tube which had held the ramrod in its place had been broken off, and there was no way to carry the rod except in the barrel of the gun.

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**Who acts:** way · **What happens:** hold, break off, be, carry · **To what, where:** tube, rod

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Ragged Head. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (way), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:14:39
# text = The tube which had held the ramrod in its place had been broken off, and there was no way to carry the rod except in the barrel of the gun.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	tube	tube	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	nsubj:pass	_	_
3	which	which	PRON	WDT	PronType=Rel	5	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	aux	_	_
5	held	hold	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	2	acl:relcl	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	ramrod	ramrod	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obj	_	_
8	in	in	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	place	place	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nmod	_	_
11	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
12	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	13	aux:pass	_	_
13	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
14	off	off	ADP	RP	_	13	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	18	expl	_	_
18	was	be	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	parataxis	_	_
19	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	20	det	_	_
20	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
21	to	to	PART	TO	_	22	mark	_	_
22	carry	carry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	acl	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	rod	rod	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obj	_	_
25	except	except	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
26	in	in	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	barrel	barrel	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	obl	_	_
29	of	of	ADP	IN	_	31	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	31	det	_	_
31	gun	gun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	13	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hold** | past · perfect · passive |  | the tube |  |  |  | the ramrod *obj* | vn conjecture-29.5 «NP V NP to be NP»: subject=Theme ramrod=Eventuality |
| 2 | **break off** | past · perfect · passive |  | the tube |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-1-1 «NP V NP»: subject=Patient |
| 3 | **be** | past | no way |  |  | there |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **carry** | to-infinitive | no way *not said here* | the rod |  |  |  | except the barrel of the gun | vn carry-11.4 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent rod=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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