---
title: He put up his left hand to ward off the blow, and with his right he… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: He put up his left hand to ward off the blow, and with his right he pushed the muzzle of his shot-gun against the person’s body and pulled both triggers. Who acts: boy. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Ragged Head, with its dependency tr
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Ragged Head, sentence 54

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He put up his left hand to ward off the blow, and with his right he pushed the muzzle of his shot-gun against the person’s body and pulled both triggers.

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**Who acts:** boy · **What happens:** put up, ward off, push, pull · **To what, where:** left hand, blow, muzzle, body, triggers

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Ragged Head. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (boy), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:14:54
# text = He put up his left hand to ward off the blow, and with his right he pushed the muzzle of his shot-gun against the person’s body and pulled both triggers.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	put	put	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	up	up	ADP	RP	_	2	compound:prt	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	left	left	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	hand	hand	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
7	to	to	PART	TO	_	8	mark	_	_
8	ward	ward	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	advcl	_	_
9	off	off	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	_
10	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	blow	blow	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
14	with	with	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	16	nmod:poss	_	_
16	right	right	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
17	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	18	nsubj	_	_
18	pushed	push	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	muzzle	muzzle	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obj	_	_
21	of	of	ADP	IN	_	25	case	_	_
22	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	25	nmod:poss	_	_
23	shot	shot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	25	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	23	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	gun	gun	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	nmod	_	_
26	against	against	ADP	IN	_	30	case	_	_
27	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	person	person	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	30	nmod:poss	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	’s	's	PART	POS	_	28	case	_	_
30	body	body	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	_
31	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
32	pulled	pull	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	18	conj	_	_
33	both	both	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	34	det	_	_
34	triggers	trigger	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **put up** | past | boy | boy's left hand |  |  |  |  | vn invest-13.5.4-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Agent hand=Goal |
| 2 | **ward off** | to-infinitive | boy *not said here* | the blow |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **push** | past | boy | the muzzle of boy's shot gun |  | the person's body |  | with boy's right | vn funnel-9.3-1-1 «NP V NP PP.trajectory»: agent=Agent muzzle=Theme against body=Trajectory |
| 4 | **pull** | past | boy *not said here* | both triggers |  |  |  |  | vn push-12-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent trigger=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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