---
title: While the older brother was hunting, the younger one used to stay at… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: While the older brother was hunting, the younger one used to stay at home, making arrows and shooting with them, and at length he became a very good shot. Who acts: older brother, brother. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Nothing Child, 
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Nothing Child, sentence 11

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While the older brother was hunting, the younger one used to stay at home, making arrows and shooting with them, and at length he became a very good shot.

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**Who acts:** older brother, brother · **What happens:** hunt, use, stay, make, shoot, become · **To what, where:** younger one, home, arrows, good shot, length

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Nothing Child. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (older brother, brother), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:15:11
# text = While the older brother was hunting, the younger one used to stay at home, making arrows and shooting with them, and at length he became a very good shot.
1	While	while	SCONJ	IN	_	6	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
3	older	old	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	4	amod	_	_
4	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	hunting	hunt	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	younger	young	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	10	amod	_	_
10	one	one	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
11	used	use	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	acl	_	_
12	to	to	PART	TO	_	13	mark	_	_
13	stay	stay	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	11	xcomp	_	_
14	at	at	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
15	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
17	making	make	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	13	advcl	_	_
18	arrows	arrow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	17	obj	_	_
19	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	20	cc	_	_
20	shooting	shoot	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	17	conj	_	_
21	with	with	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
22	them	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	20	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
24	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
25	at	at	ADP	IN	_	26	case	_	_
26	length	length	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	obl	_	_
27	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	28	nsubj	_	_
28	became	become	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	17	conj	_	_
29	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
30	very	very	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
31	good	good	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	shot	shot	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	28	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **hunt** | past · progressive | the older brother | the younger one |  |  |  |  | vn hunt-35.1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Theme |
| 2 | **use** | participle |  | the younger one *not said here* |  |  |  |  | vn use-105.1 «NP V NP S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 3 | **stay** | to-infinitive |  |  |  | home |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme at home=Location |
| 4 | **make** | gerund |  | arrows |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset arrow=Product |
| 5 | **shoot** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  | with lodges *= lodge* | vn poison-42.2 «NP V NP PP.instrument»: agent=Agent with they=Instrument |
| 6 | **become** | past | brother | a good shot |  | length |  |  | vn become-109.1-1-1 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Patient |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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