---
title: On their way the bear told the man how it really had been, and that… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: On their way the bear told the man how it really had been, and that it was not the boy who had hurt the woman, but that she had done it herself, and in this way had caused his brother to lose his life. Who acts: bear, way, boy, woman. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Sto
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Nothing Child, sentence 58

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On their way the bear told the man how it really had been, and that it was not the boy who had hurt the woman, but that she had done it herself, and in this way had caused his brother to lose his life.

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**Who acts:** bear, way, boy, woman, brother · **What happens:** tell, not be, hurt, do, cause, lose · **To what, where:** man, way, boy, woman, brother, life · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Nothing Child. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (bear, way, boy, woman), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:15:58
# text = On their way the bear told the man how it really had been, and that it was not the boy who had hurt the woman, but that she had done it herself, and in this way had caused his brother to lose his life.
1	On	on	ADP	IN	_	3	case	_	_
2	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	3	nmod:poss	_	_
3	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	bear	bear	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	nsubj	_	_
6	told	tell	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	man	man	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
9	how	how	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	13	advmod	_	_
10	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	13	nsubj	_	_
11	really	really	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
12	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	13	aux	_	_
13	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	8	acl:relcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
14	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
15	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
16	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	21	mark	_	_
17	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
18	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	cop	_	_
19	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	21	advmod	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	boy	boy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	ccomp	_	_
22	who	who	PRON	WP	PronType=Rel	24	nsubj	_	_
23	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	hurt	hurt	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	21	acl:relcl	_	_
25	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	26	det	_	_
26	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	24	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	32	punct	_	_
28	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	32	cc	_	_
29	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	32	mark	_	_
30	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	nsubj	_	_
31	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	32	aux	_	_
32	done	do	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	24	parataxis	_	_
33	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	32	obj	_	_
34	herself	herself	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs|Reflex=Yes	32	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
35	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	41	punct	_	_
36	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	41	cc	_	_
37	in	in	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	39	det	_	_
39	way	way	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	obl	_	_
40	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	41	aux	_	_
41	caused	cause	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	32	conj	_	_
42	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	43	nmod:poss	_	_
43	brother	brother	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	41	obj	_	_
44	to	to	PART	TO	_	45	mark	_	_
45	lose	lose	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	41	xcomp	_	_
46	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	47	nmod:poss	_	_
47	life	life	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
48	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **tell** *speech: assert* | past | the bear |  | the man | things's way |  |  | vn transfer\_mesg-37.1.1-1-1 «NP V NP.recipient»: agent=Agent man=Recipient |
| 2 | **not** **is a** | past | way | the boy |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **hurt** | past · perfect | the boy | the woman |  |  |  |  | vn hurt-40.8.3-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer woman=Patient |
| 4 | **do** | past · perfect | woman | way |  |  |  | woman *obl* | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Eventuality |
| 5 | **cause** | past · perfect | woman *not said here* | boy's brother |  | this way |  |  | tree rules |
| 6 | **lose** | to-infinitive | boy's brother *not said here* | brother's life |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent life=Eventuality |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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