---
title: When he reached the cliff there was no camp there, so he waited, and… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: When he reached the cliff there was no camp there, so he waited, and all the time he kept getting weaker, and smaller and smaller, until he was no bigger than a year-old child. Who acts: man. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Nothing Chil
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Nothing Child, sentence 74

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When he reached the cliff there was no camp there, so he waited, and all the time he kept getting weaker, and smaller and smaller, until he was no bigger than a year-old child.

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**Who acts:** man · **What happens:** reach, be, wait, keep, get, not be · **To what, where:** cliff

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Nothing Child. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (man), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:15:74
# text = When he reached the cliff there was no camp there, so he waited, and all the time he kept getting weaker, and smaller and smaller, until he was no bigger than a year-old child.
1	When	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	3	mark	_	_
2	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	reached	reach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	advcl	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	cliff	cliff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	there	there	PRON	EX	PronType=Dem	7	expl	_	_
7	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	cop	_	_
8	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	9	det	_	_
9	camp	camp	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	nsubj	_	_
10	there	there	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	7	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
12	so	so	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
13	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	14	nsubj	_	_
14	waited	wait	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
17	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	19	det:predet	_	_
18	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	19	det	_	_
19	time	time	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obl:unmarked	_	_
20	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
21	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	14	conj	_	_
22	getting	get	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	21	xcomp	_	_
23	weaker	weak	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	22	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	smaller	small	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	14	conj	_	_
27	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	28	cc	_	_
28	smaller	small	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	26	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	34	punct	_	_
30	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	34	mark	_	_
31	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	34	nsubj	_	_
32	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	34	cop	_	_
33	no	no	ADV	RB	_	34	advmod	_	_
34	bigger	big	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	26	conj	_	_
35	than	than	ADP	IN	_	40	case	_	_
36	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	40	det	_	_
37	year	year	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	39	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
38	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	37	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
39	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	40	amod	_	_
40	child	child	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	34	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
41	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	14	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reach** | past | man |  |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 2 | **is a** | past |  | the cliff |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **wait** | past | man |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 4 | **keep** | past | man |  |  |  | time |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **get** | gerund | man *not said here* |  |  |  |  | weak *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer |
| 6 | **not** **is** | past | man |  |  |  |  | than a old child; big *property* | tree rules |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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