---
title: While they were waiting in the brush a dark cloud came up in the wes… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: While they were waiting in the brush a dark cloud came up in the west, and it looked as if they were going to have a storm. Who acts: people, it. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Shield Quiver’s Wife, with its dependency tree and the pra
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Shield Quiver’s Wife, sentence 37

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While they were waiting in the brush a dark cloud came up in the west, and it looked as if they were going to have a storm.

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**Who acts:** people, it · **What happens:** wait, come up, look, go, have · **To what, where:** dark cloud, brush, west, storm

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Shield Quiver’s Wife. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, it), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:16:37
# text = While they were waiting in the brush a dark cloud came up in the west, and it looked as if they were going to have a storm.
1	While	while	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
3	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	waiting	wait	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	11	advcl	_	_
5	in	in	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	brush	brush	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	dark	dark	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	cloud	cloud	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	_
11	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
12	up	up	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
13	in	in	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	west	west	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	looked	look	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	11	conj	_	_
20	as	as	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
21	if	if	SCONJ	IN	_	24	mark	_	_
22	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	24	nsubj	_	_
23	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	24	aux	_	_
24	going	go	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	19	advcl	_	_
25	to	to	PART	TO	_	26	mark	_	_
26	have	have	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	xcomp	_	_
27	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	28	det	_	_
28	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	11	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **wait** | past · progressive | people | a dark cloud |  | the brush |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **come up** | past |  |  |  | the west |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme in west=Location |
| 3 | **look** | past | it |  |  |  |  |  | vn stimulus\_subject-30.4 «NP V PP.attribute»: agent=Stimulus |
| 4 | **go** | past · progressive | people |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7 «NP V S-Quote»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **have** | to-infinitive | people *not said here* | a storm |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent storm=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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