---
title: “Four times you have asked for the old cutting, and when that sacred… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: “Four times you have asked for the old cutting, and when that sacred number is reached I cannot refuse. Who acts: e ai. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Beaver Stick, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Beaver Stick, sentence 123

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“Four times you have asked for the old cutting, and when that sacred number is reached I cannot refuse.

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**Who acts:** e ai · **What happens:** ask, reach, not refuse · **To what, where:** Four times, sacred number

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Beaver Stick. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (e ai), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:17:123
# text = “Four times you have asked for the old cutting, and when that sacred number is reached I cannot refuse.
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	6	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Four	four	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	3	nummod	_	_
3	times	time	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	6	nsubj:pass	_	_
4	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
5	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
6	asked	ask	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
7	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	10	det	_	_
9	old	old	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	10	amod	_	_
10	cutting	cutting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
13	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	18	mark	_	_
14	that	that	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	16	det	_	_
15	sacred	sacred	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
16	number	number	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nsubj	_	_
17	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	18	aux:pass	_	_
18	reached	reach	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	parataxis	_	_
19	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	22	nsubj	_	_
20	can	can	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	22	aux	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	22	advmod	_	_
22	refuse	refuse	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **ask** *speech: ask* *in a quote* | present · perfect · passive |  | Four times |  |  |  | for the old cutting; you *nsubj* | vn inquire-37.1.2 «NP V NP.recipient»: subject=Recipient |
| 2 | **reach** *in a quote* | present · passive |  | that sacred number |  |  |  |  | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: subject=Theme |
| 3 | **not** **refuse** *in a quote* | can | e ai *= ai* |  |  |  |  |  | vn reject-77.2 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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