---
title: Also, you must always carry it concealed beneath your shirt, hanging… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: Also, you must always carry it concealed beneath your shirt, hanging by the string I have tied to it. Who acts: you, I. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Beaver Stick, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Beaver Stick, sentence 131

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Also, you must always carry it concealed beneath your shirt, hanging by the string I have tied to it.

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**Who acts:** you, I · **What happens:** carry, conceal, hang, tie · **To what, where:** advice, shirt, string

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Beaver Stick. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (you, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:17:131
# text = Also, you must always carry it concealed beneath your shirt, hanging by the string I have tied to it.
1	Also	also	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	1	punct	_	_
3	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Person=2|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
4	must	must	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	6	aux	_	_
5	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	6	advmod	_	_
6	carry	carry	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
7	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	obj	_	_
8	concealed	conceal	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	xcomp	_	_
9	beneath	beneath	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	11	nmod:poss	_	_
11	shirt	shirt	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
13	hanging	hang	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	advcl	_	_
14	by	by	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	string	string	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	_
17	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
18	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	19	aux	_	_
19	tied	tie	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	16	acl:relcl	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
21	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **carry** | must | you | advice |  |  |  | always *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **conceal** | participle | you *not said here* |  |  | your shirt |  |  | vn concealment-16 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent beneath shirt=Location |
| 3 | **hang** | gerund | you *not said here* |  |  |  |  | by the string | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent by string=Location |
| 4 | **tie** | present · perfect | I | the string *not said here* | advice |  |  |  | vn mix-22.1-2 «NP V NP PP.co-patient»: agent=Agent string=Patient to it=Co-Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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