--- title: His parents, hopeful for his future, had given their son a good name… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics description: His parents, hopeful for his future, had given their son a good name, but in all his life up to the time he was seventeen or eighteen years old, he had never worn a new robe or any other new article of clothing. Who acts: life. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» b --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/17/3/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Punishment of the Stingy, and Othe…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/) / [The Beaver Stick](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/17/) / 3 # The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Beaver Stick, sentence 3 His parents, hopeful for his future, had given their son a good name, but in all his life up to the time he was seventeen or eighteen years old, he had never worn a new robe or any other new article of clothing. **Who acts:** life · **What happens:** give, be, not wear, article · **To what, where:** parents, seventeen, new robe, clothing This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Beaver Stick. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (life), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg66596:17:3 # text = His parents, hopeful for his future, had given their son a good name, but in all his life up to the time he was seventeen or eighteen years old, he had never worn a new robe or any other new article of clothing. 1 His his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 2 nmod:poss _ _ 2 parents parent NOUN NNS Number=Plur 10 nsubj:pass _ SpaceAfter=No 3 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 4 hopeful hopeful ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 2 amod _ _ 5 for for ADP IN _ 7 case _ _ 6 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 7 nmod:poss _ _ 7 future future NOUN NN Number=Sing 4 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 8 , , PUNCT , _ 2 punct _ _ 9 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 10 aux _ _ 10 given give VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 11 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 12 nmod:poss _ _ 12 son son NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obj _ _ 13 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 15 det _ _ 14 good good ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 15 amod _ _ 15 name name NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 16 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 17 but but CCONJ CC _ 32 cc _ _ 18 in in ADP IN _ 21 case _ _ 19 all all DET PDT PronType=Tot 21 det:predet _ _ 20 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 21 nmod:poss _ _ 21 life life NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 nsubj _ _ 22 up up ADP RP _ 21 compound:prt _ _ 23 to to ADP IN _ 25 case _ _ 24 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 25 det _ _ 25 time time NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 obl _ _ 26 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 28 nsubj _ _ 27 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 28 cop _ _ 28 seventeen seventeen NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 31 nummod _ _ 29 or or CCONJ CC _ 30 cc _ _ 30 eighteen eighteen NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 28 conj _ _ 31 years year NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 obl:unmarked _ _ 32 old old ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 10 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 33 , , PUNCT , _ 37 punct _ _ 34 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 37 nsubj _ _ 35 had have AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 37 aux _ _ 36 never never ADV RB PronType=Neg 37 advmod _ _ 37 worn wear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 32 conj _ _ 38 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 40 det _ _ 39 new new ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 40 amod _ _ 40 robe robe NOUN NN Number=Sing 37 obj _ _ 41 or or CCONJ CC _ 45 cc _ _ 42 any any DET DT PronType=Ind 45 det _ _ 43 other other ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 45 amod _ _ 44 new new ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 45 amod _ _ 45 article article NOUN NN Number=Sing 40 conj _ _ 46 of of ADP IN _ 47 case _ _ 47 clothing clothing NOUN NN Number=Sing 45 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 48 . . PUNCT . _ 10 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **give** | past · perfect · passive | | Robe's parents | | | | parents's son *obj*; a good name *obj* | tree rules | | 2 | **is a** | past | life | seventeen | | | | eighteen *conj* | tree rules | | 3 | **not** **wear** | past · perfect | life | a new robe or any other new article of clothing | | | | | vn wipe\_manner-10.4.1-1 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent robe=Theme | | 4 | **article** | | | clothing | | | | | nom article «communication transitive»: of=patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 2](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/17/2/) - next →: [sentence 4](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/17/4/) - ↑ back to [The Beaver Stick](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/17/)