---
title: He was always dirty and ragged, and his matted and tangled hair hung… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: He was always dirty and ragged, and his matted and tangled hair hung low over his forehead, and almost hid his sore red eyes. Who acts: Robe. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Beaver Stick, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics 
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Beaver Stick, sentence 5

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He was always dirty and ragged, and his matted and tangled hair hung low over his forehead, and almost hid his sore red eyes.

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**Who acts:** Robe · **What happens:** be, mat, tangle, hang, hide · **To what, where:** hair, forehead, sore red eyes

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Beaver Stick. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Robe), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:17:5
# text = He was always dirty and ragged, and his matted and tangled hair hung low over his forehead, and almost hid his sore red eyes.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	cop	_	_
3	always	always	ADV	RB	PronType=Tot	4	advmod	_	_
4	dirty	dirty	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	ragged	ragged	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
9	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	10	nmod:poss	_	_
10	matted	mat	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	4	conj	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
12	tangled	tangle	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	10	conj	_	_
13	hair	hair	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	obj	_	_
14	hung	hang	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	13	acl	_	_
15	low	low	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	14	advmod	_	_
16	over	over	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	18	nmod:poss	_	_
18	forehead	forehead	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
20	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
21	almost	almost	ADV	RB	_	22	advmod	_	_
22	hid	hide	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
23	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	26	nmod:poss	_	_
24	sore	sore	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
25	red	red	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	26	amod	_	_
26	eyes	eye	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	22	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | Robe |  |  |  |  | always, dirty *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **be** |  | Robe *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **mat** | participle | Robe *not said here* |  |  |  |  | Robe *nmod:poss* | tree rules |
| 4 | **tangle** | participle | Robe *not said here* | hair |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **hang** | participle |  | hair *not said here* |  | Robe's forehead |  | low *property* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent over forehead=Location |
| 6 | **hide** | past | Robe *not said here* | Robe's sore red eyes |  |  |  | almost *property* | vn concealment-16-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent eye=Patient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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