---
title: Presently they reached the edge of the ice; just beyond, a large bea… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: Presently they reached the edge of the ice; just beyond, a large beaver house rose above the water. Who acts: stranger, large beaver house. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Beaver Stick, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Beaver Stick, sentence 51

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Presently they reached the edge of the ice; just beyond, a large beaver house rose above the water.

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**Who acts:** stranger, large beaver house · **What happens:** reach, rise · **To what, where:** edge, water

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Beaver Stick. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (stranger, large beaver house), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:17:51
# text = Presently they reached the edge of the ice; just beyond, a large beaver house rose above the water.
1	Presently	presently	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	_
2	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	3	nsubj	_	_
3	reached	reach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
4	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
5	edge	edge	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	3	obj	_	_
6	of	of	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	8	det	_	_
8	ice	ice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	11	punct	_	_
10	just	just	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	beyond	beyond	ADV	RB	_	3	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	17	punct	_	_
13	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
14	large	large	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	16	amod	_	_
15	beaver	beaver	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	nsubj	_	_
17	rose	rise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	3	conj	_	_
18	above	above	ADP	IN	_	20	case	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	3	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **reach** | past | stranger | the edge of the ice |  |  |  | beyond, presently *property* | vn body\_motion-49.2-1-1 «NP V NP ADV»: agent=Agent edge=Theme |
| 2 | **rise** | past | a large beaver house |  |  | the water |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent above water=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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