---
title: The hard, dry stuff turned into rich pemmican, and when the last bit… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: The hard, dry stuff turned into rich pemmican, and when the last bit of the chip had been broken up the bowl was passed to him. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Beaver Stick, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every claus
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Beaver Stick, sentence 70

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The hard, dry stuff turned into rich pemmican, and when the last bit of the chip had been broken up the bowl was passed to him.

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**What happens:** turn, break up, pass · **To what, where:** hard dry stuff, rich pemmican, last bit, chief

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Beaver Stick. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:17:70
# text = The hard, dry stuff turned into rich pemmican, and when the last bit of the chip had been broken up the bowl was passed to him.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	5	det	_	_
2	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
3	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	2	punct	_	_
4	dry	dry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	5	amod	_	_
5	stuff	stuff	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	26	nsubj:pass	_	_
6	turned	turn	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	5	acl	_	_
7	into	into	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
8	rich	rich	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	pemmican	pemmican	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
11	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
12	when	when	SCONJ	WRB	_	21	mark	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
14	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
15	bit	bit	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	nsubj:pass	_	_
16	of	of	ADP	IN	_	18	case	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	chip	chip	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	nmod	_	_
19	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
20	been	be	AUX	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	21	aux:pass	_	_
21	broken	break	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	6	conj	_	_
22	up	up	ADP	RP	_	21	compound:prt	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	bowl	bowl	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	21	obj	_	_
25	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	26	aux:pass	_	_
26	passed	pass	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
27	to	to	ADP	IN	_	28	case	_	_
28	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	26	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **turn** | participle |  | the hard dry stuff *not said here* |  | rich pemmican |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V PP.trajectory»: agent=Theme into pemmican=Trajectory |
| 2 | **break up** | past · perfect · passive |  | the last bit of the chip |  |  |  | the bowl *obj* | vn break-45.1 «NP V NP ADJ»: subject=Patient bowl=Result |
| 3 | **pass** | past · passive |  | the hard dry stuff | chief |  |  |  | vn give-13.1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: subject=Theme to he=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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