---
title: He had scarcely begun to taste a fresh dish of the strangely made pe… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: He had scarcely begun to taste a fresh dish of the strangely made pemmican, when the water in the pool began to heave and rise, and then again sank to its level as one of the sons arose from its depths and stepped over to his couch, not a drop of water clinging to him or his garments. Who acts: Robe
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Beaver Stick, sentence 84

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He had scarcely begun to taste a fresh dish of the strangely made pemmican, when the water in the pool began to heave and rise, and then again sank to its level as one of the sons arose from its depths and stepped over to his couch, not a drop of water clinging to him or his garments.

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**Who acts:** Robe, water, sons, drop · **What happens:** begin, taste, make, heave, rise, sink · **To what, where:** fresh dish, depths, drop, couch, Robe

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Beaver Stick. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Robe, water, sons, drop), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:17:84
# text = He had scarcely begun to taste a fresh dish of the strangely made pemmican, when the water in the pool began to heave and rise, and then again sank to its level as one of the sons arose from its depths and stepped over to his couch, not a drop of water clinging to him or his garments.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	scarcely	scarcely	ADV	RB	_	4	advmod	_	_
4	begun	begin	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part	0	root	_	_
5	to	to	PART	TO	_	6	mark	_	_
6	taste	taste	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	4	xcomp	_	_
7	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	9	det	_	_
8	fresh	fresh	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	9	amod	_	_
9	dish	dish	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obj	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
12	strangely	strangely	ADV	RB	_	13	advmod	_	_
13	made	make	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	14	amod	_	_
14	pemmican	pemmican	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	nmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
16	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	22	advmod	_	_
17	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	22	nsubj	_	_
19	in	in	ADP	IN	_	21	case	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	pool	pool	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	nmod	_	_
22	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	acl:relcl	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
24	heave	heave	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	22	xcomp	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	rise	rise	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	24	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	31	punct	_	_
28	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	31	cc	_	_
29	then	then	ADV	RB	PronType=Dem	30	advmod	_	_
30	again	again	ADV	RB	_	31	advmod	_	_
31	sank	sink	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
32	to	to	ADP	IN	_	34	case	_	_
33	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	34	nmod:poss	_	_
34	level	level	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	obl	_	_
35	as	as	ADP	IN	_	36	case	_	_
36	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	40	obl	_	_
37	of	of	ADP	IN	_	39	case	_	_
38	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	39	det	_	_
39	sons	son	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	nsubj	_	_
40	arose	arise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	31	parataxis	_	_
41	from	from	ADP	IN	_	43	case	_	_
42	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	43	nmod:poss	_	_
43	depths	depth	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	40	obl	_	_
44	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	45	cc	_	_
45	stepped	step	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	40	conj	_	_
46	over	over	ADP	RP	_	45	compound:prt	_	_
47	to	to	ADP	IN	_	49	case	_	_
48	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	49	nmod:poss	_	_
49	couch	couch	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
50	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	53	punct	_	_
51	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	53	advmod	_	_
52	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	53	det	_	_
53	drop	drop	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	45	obl	_	_
54	of	of	ADP	IN	_	55	case	_	_
55	water	water	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	53	nmod	_	_
56	clinging	cling	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	53	acl	_	_
57	to	to	ADP	IN	_	58	case	_	_
58	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	56	obl	_	_
59	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	61	cc	_	_
60	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	61	nmod:poss	_	_
61	garments	garment	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	58	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
62	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past · perfect | Robe |  |  |  |  | scarcely *property* | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **taste** | to-infinitive | Robe *not said here* | a fresh dish of the made pemmican |  |  |  |  | vn seem-109 «NP V ADJ»: agent=Theme dish=Attribute |
| 3 | **make** | participle |  |  |  |  |  | strangely *property* | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset |
| 4 | **begin** | past | the water in the pool |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 5 | **heave** | to-infinitive | the water in the pool *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn push-12 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **rise** | infinitive | the water in the pool *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 7 | **sink** | past | Robe *not said here* |  |  |  | again; then | to water's level | vn other\_cos-45.4 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient |
| 8 | **arise** | past | the sons |  |  | water's depths |  | as one | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 9 | **step over** | past | the sons *not said here* | a drop of water |  | Robe's couch |  |  | vn run-51.3.2 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme to couch=Destination |
| 10 | **cling** | gerund | a drop of water *not said here* |  | Robe |  |  |  | vn cling-22.5 «NP V PP.co-theme»: agent=Theme to he=Co-Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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