---
title: The system of counting was by points, and was somewhat complicated,… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: The system of counting was by points, and was somewhat complicated, but in general terms it may be said that the player whose stick lay nearest the ring gained one or more points. Who acts: system, player, ring. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Gr
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Little Friend Coyote, sentence 153

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The system of counting was by points, and was somewhat complicated, but in general terms it may be said that the player whose stick lay nearest the ring gained one or more points.

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**Who acts:** system, player, ring · **What happens:** be, say, lie, gain · **To what, where:** system, general terms, one · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Little Friend Coyote. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (system, player, ring), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:18:153
# text = The system of counting was by points, and was somewhat complicated, but in general terms it may be said that the player whose stick lay nearest the ring gained one or more points.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	2	det	_	_
2	system	system	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	12	nsubj	_	_
3	of	of	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	counting	counting	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	nmod	_	_
5	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
6	by	by	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
7	points	point	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	5	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	12	punct	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
10	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	12	cop	_	_
11	somewhat	somewhat	ADV	RB	_	12	advmod	_	_
12	complicated	complicated	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	21	punct	_	_
14	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	21	cc	_	_
15	in	in	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	general	general	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	17	amod	_	_
17	terms	term	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	21	obl	_	_
18	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	21	nsubj	_	_
19	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	21	aux	_	_
20	be	be	AUX	VB	VerbForm=Inf	21	aux:pass	_	_
21	said	say	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	12	conj	_	_
22	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
23	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	24	det	_	_
24	player	player	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
25	whose	whose	PRON	WP$	Poss=Yes|PronType=Rel	26	nmod:poss	_	_
26	stick	stick	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	nsubj	_	_
27	lay	lie	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	21	ccomp	_	_
28	nearest	nearest	ADP	IN	_	31	mark	_	_
29	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	30	det	_	_
30	ring	ring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	31	nsubj	_	_
31	gained	gain	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	27	advcl	_	_
32	one	one	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	31	obj	_	_
33	or	or	CCONJ	CC	_	35	cc	_	_
34	more	more	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	35	amod	_	_
35	points	point	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	32	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
36	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	12	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is** | past | the system of counting |  |  |  |  | complicated, somewhat *property* | tree rules |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | may · passive |  | system |  | general terms |  |  | tree rules |
| 3 | **lie** | past | the player |  |  |  |  | stick *nsubj* | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **gain** | past | the ring | one or more points |  |  |  |  | vn get-13.5.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent one=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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