---
title: Of course it was a lie, for he had no thought of making peace, but i… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: Of course it was a lie, for he had no thought of making peace, but intended to keep the woman. Who acts: course, Piegan, thought. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Little Friend Coyote, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Little Friend Coyote, sentence 63

<!-- .ven lang=en -->
Of course it was a lie, for he had no thought of making peace, but intended to keep the woman.

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**Who acts:** course, Piegan, thought · **What happens:** be, have, make, intend, keep · **To what, where:** lie, thought, peace, woman

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Little Friend Coyote. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (course, Piegan, thought), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:18:63
# text = Of course it was a lie, for he had no thought of making peace, but intended to keep the woman.
1	Of	of	ADP	IN	_	2	case	_	_
2	course	course	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	_
3	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	6	nsubj	_	_
4	was	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	cop	_	_
5	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
6	lie	lie	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
8	for	for	ADP	IN	_	10	case	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	had	have	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	6	parataxis	_	_
11	no	no	DET	DT	PronType=Neg	12	det	_	_
12	thought	thought	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obj	_	_
13	of	of	SCONJ	IN	_	14	mark	_	_
14	making	make	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	12	acl	_	_
15	peace	peace	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
17	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	intended	intend	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	10	conj	_	_
19	to	to	PART	TO	_	20	mark	_	_
20	keep	keep	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	18	xcomp	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	woman	woman	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **is a** | past | course | a lie |  |  |  | of course | tree rules |
| 2 | **have** | past | Piegan | no thought |  |  |  |  | vn birth-28.2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent thought=Patient |
| 3 | **make** | gerund | no thought *not said here* | peace |  |  |  |  | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset peace=Product |
| 4 | **intend** | past | Piegan *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn intend-61.2-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 5 | **keep** *not said to happen* | to-infinitive | Piegan *not said here* | the woman |  |  |  |  | vn keep-15.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent woman=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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