---
title: She walked carefully nearer, when suddenly she saw three dim figures… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: She walked carefully nearer, when suddenly she saw three dim figures on the ground and heard a loud snore. Who acts: two. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Little Friend Coyote, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Little Friend Coyote, sentence 89

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She walked carefully nearer, when suddenly she saw three dim figures on the ground and heard a loud snore.

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**Who acts:** two · **What happens:** walk, see, hear · **To what, where:** three dim figures, ground, loud snore

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Little Friend Coyote. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (two), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:18:89
# text = She walked carefully nearer, when suddenly she saw three dim figures on the ground and heard a loud snore.
1	She	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	walked	walk	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	carefully	carefully	ADV	RB	_	2	advmod	_	_
4	nearer	near	ADJ	JJR	Degree=Cmp	2	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	9	punct	_	_
6	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	7	advmod	_	_
7	suddenly	suddenly	ADV	RB	_	9	advmod	_	_
8	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	9	nsubj	_	_
9	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
10	three	three	NUM	CD	NumForm=Word|NumType=Card	12	nummod	_	_
11	dim	dim	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	figures	figure	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obj	_	_
13	on	on	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	heard	hear	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	9	conj	_	_
18	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
19	loud	loud	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	20	amod	_	_
20	snore	snore	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **walk** | past | two |  |  |  |  | carefully, near *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **see** | past | two | three dim figures |  | the ground |  | suddenly *property* | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer figure=Stimulus |
| 3 | **hear** | past | two *not said here* | a loud snore |  |  |  |  | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer snore=Stimulus |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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