--- title: Seated by the flickering fire in Blackfoot skin-lodge, or in Pawnee… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics description: Seated by the flickering fire in Blackfoot skin-lodge, or in Pawnee dirt-house, or in sea-shore dwelling on the northwest coast, I have received these stories from the lips of aged historians, and have set them down here as I have heard them. Who acts: sea shore, I. A sentence of «The Punishment of --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/2/9/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Punishment of the Stingy, and Othe…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/) / [The Stories and the Story-tellers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/2/) / 9 # The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Stories and the Story-tellers, sentence 9 Seated by the flickering fire in Blackfoot skin-lodge, or in Pawnee dirt-house, or in sea-shore dwelling on the northwest coast, I have received these stories from the lips of aged historians, and have set them down here as I have heard them. **Who acts:** sea shore, I · **What happens:** seat, flicker, dwell, receive, set down, hear · **To what, where:** Blackfoot skin lodge, northwest coast, stories, lips This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Stories and the Story-tellers. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (sea shore, I), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg66596:2:9 # text = Seated by the flickering fire in Blackfoot skin-lodge, or in Pawnee dirt-house, or in sea-shore dwelling on the northwest coast, I have received these stories from the lips of aged historians, and have set them down here as I have heard them. 1 Seated seat VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 0 root _ _ 2 by by ADP IN _ 5 case _ _ 3 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 5 det _ _ 4 flickering flicker VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 5 amod _ _ 5 fire fire NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obl _ _ 6 in in ADP IN _ 10 case _ _ 7 Blackfoot Blackfoot PROPN NNP Number=Sing 10 compound _ _ 8 skin skin NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 9 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 8 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 10 lodge lodge NOUN NN Number=Sing 1 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 11 , , PUNCT , _ 17 punct _ _ 12 or or CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 13 in in ADP IN _ 14 case _ _ 14 Pawnee Pawnee PROPN NNP Number=Sing 17 compound _ _ 15 dirt dirt NOUN NN Number=Sing 17 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 16 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 15 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 17 house house NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 18 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 19 or or CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 20 in in ADP IN _ 23 case _ _ 21 sea sea NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 compound _ SpaceAfter=No 22 - - PUNCT HYPH _ 21 punct _ SpaceAfter=No 23 shore shore NOUN NN Number=Sing 10 conj _ _ 24 dwelling dwell VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 23 acl _ _ 25 on on ADP IN _ 28 case _ _ 26 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 28 det _ _ 27 northwest northwest ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 28 amod _ _ 28 coast coast NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 29 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 30 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 32 nsubj _ _ 31 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 32 aux _ _ 32 received receive VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 1 conj _ _ 33 these this DET DT Number=Plur|PronType=Dem 34 det _ _ 34 stories story NOUN NNS Number=Plur 32 obj _ _ 35 from from ADP IN _ 37 case _ _ 36 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 37 det _ _ 37 lips lip NOUN NNS Number=Plur 34 nmod _ _ 38 of of ADP IN _ 40 case _ _ 39 aged aged ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 40 amod _ _ 40 historians historian NOUN NNS Number=Plur 37 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 41 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ _ 42 and and CCONJ CC _ 44 cc _ _ 43 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 44 aux _ _ 44 set set VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 32 conj _ _ 45 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 44 obj _ _ 46 down down ADP RP _ 44 compound:prt _ _ 47 here here ADV RB PronType=Dem 44 advmod _ _ 48 as as SCONJ IN _ 51 mark _ _ 49 I I PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs 51 nsubj _ _ 50 have have AUX VBP Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin 51 aux _ _ 51 heard hear VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part 44 advcl _ _ 52 them they PRON PRP Case=Acc|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 51 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 53 . . PUNCT . _ 1 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **seat** | participle | | | | Blackfoot skin lodge or Pawnee dirt house or sea shore | | by the flickering fire | vn fit-54.3 «NP V NP PP.location»: agent=Agent in lodge=Location | | 2 | **flicker** | gerund | | | | | | | vn light\_emission-43.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 3 | **dwell** | gerund | sea shore *not said here* | | | the northwest coast | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on coast=Location | | 4 | **receive** | present · perfect | I | this stories | | the lips of aged historians | | | vn obtain-13.5.2 «NP V NP PP.source»: agent=Agent story=Theme from lip=Source | | 5 | **set down** | present · perfect | I *not said here* | stories *= story* | | here | | | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP V NP ADJ»: agent=Patient they=Result | | 6 | **hear** | present · perfect | I | stories *= story* | | | | | vn see-30.1-1-1 «NP V S»: agent=Experiencer they=Stimulus | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 8](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/2/8/) - next →: [The Bluejay Stories, 1](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/3/1/) - ↑ back to [The Stories and the Story-tellers](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/2/)