---
title: Bluejay took a piece of meat and threw it out, and said to the bird,… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: Bluejay took a piece of meat and threw it out, and said to the bird, “I give you this to eat; take it.” Who acts: Bluejay. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, A Bluejay Story, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, A Bluejay Story, sentence 135

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Bluejay took a piece of meat and threw it out, and said to the bird, “I give you this to eat; take it.”

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**Who acts:** Bluejay · **What happens:** take, throw out, say, give, eat · **To what, where:** piece, bird · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, A Bluejay Story. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bluejay), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:4:135
# text = Bluejay took a piece of meat and threw it out, and said to the bird, “I give you this to eat; take it.”
1	Bluejay	Bluejay	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	took	take	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
4	piece	piece	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obj	_	_
5	of	of	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
6	meat	meat	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nmod	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	threw	throw	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
9	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	obj	_	_
10	out	out	ADP	RP	_	8	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	13	punct	_	_
12	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	13	cc	_	_
13	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
14	to	to	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	13	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
18	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	I	I	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Sing|Person=1|PronType=Prs	20	nsubj	_	_
20	give	give	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	13	ccomp	_	_
21	you	you	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Person=2|PronType=Prs	20	iobj	_	_
22	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	21	nmod:unmarked	_	_
23	to	to	PART	TO	_	24	mark	_	_
24	eat	eat	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	20	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
25	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
26	take	take	VERB	VB	Mood=Imp|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
27	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	26	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	26	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **take** | past | Bluejay | a piece of meat |  |  |  |  | vn characterize-29.2 «NP V NP to be ADJ»: agent=Agent piece=Theme clause=Attribute |
| 2 | **throw out** | past | Bluejay *not said here* | piece |  |  |  |  | vn throw-17.1-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |
| 3 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Bluejay *not said here* |  | the bird |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to bird=Recipient clause=Topic |
| 4 | **give** *in a quote* | present | Bluejay |  | the bird *= bird* |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent you=Theme |
| 5 | **eat** *in a quote* | to-infinitive | Bluejay *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn eat-39.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 6 | **take** *in a quote* | infinitive |  | piece |  |  |  |  | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent it=Theme |

<!-- .note -->
One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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