---
title: Early next morning they started, and at last they reached the home o… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: Early next morning they started, and at last they reached the home of the Shadows and went up to the house. Who acts: Shadows. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Bluejay, the Imitator, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every c
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Bluejay, the Imitator, sentence 160

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Early next morning they started, and at last they reached the home of the Shadows and went up to the house.

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**Who acts:** Shadows · **What happens:** start, reach, go up · **To what, where:** home, last

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Bluejay, the Imitator. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Shadows), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:5:160
# text = Early next morning they started, and at last they reached the home of the Shadows and went up to the house.
1	Early	early	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	5	advmod	_	_
2	next	next	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	morning	morning	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl:unmarked	_	_
4	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	5	nsubj	_	_
5	started	start	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	11	cc	_	_
8	at	at	ADP	IN	_	9	case	_	_
9	last	last	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	11	obl	_	_
10	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	11	nsubj	_	_
11	reached	reach	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	advcl	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	13	det	_	_
13	home	home	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	11	obj	_	_
14	of	of	ADP	IN	_	16	case	_	_
15	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
16	Shadows	Shadow	PROPN	NNPS	Number=Plur	13	nmod	_	_
17	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
18	went	go	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
19	up	up	ADP	RP	_	18	compound:prt	_	_
20	to	to	ADP	IN	_	22	case	_	_
21	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	22	det	_	_
22	house	house	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	18	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **start** | past | Shadows *= shadow* |  |  |  | morning | early *property* | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP.eventuality V»: agent=Eventuality |
| 2 | **reach** | past | Shadows *= shadow* | the home of the Shadows |  | last |  |  | vn get-13.5.1 «NP V NP PP.source NP.asset»: agent=Agent home=Theme at last=Asset |
| 3 | **go up** | past | Shadows *= shadow* *not said here* |  |  |  |  | to the house | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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