---
title: Bluejay said to his elder sister, “Where have all these people come… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: Bluejay said to his elder sister, “Where have all these people come from?” Who acts: Bluejay. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Bluejay Visits the Ghosts, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Bluejay Visits the Ghosts, sentence 26

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Bluejay said to his elder sister, “Where have all these people come from?”

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**Who acts:** Bluejay · **What happens:** say, come · **To what, where:** elder sister · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Bluejay Visits the Ghosts. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bluejay), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:6:26
# text = Bluejay said to his elder sister, “Where have all these people come from?”
1	Bluejay	Bluejay	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	6	case	_	_
4	his	his	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
5	elder	elder	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	6	amod	_	_
6	sister	sister	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
8	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	14	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	Where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	10	advmod	_	_
10	have	have	AUX	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	14	aux	_	_
11	all	all	DET	PDT	PronType=Tot	13	det:predet	_	_
12	these	this	DET	DT	Number=Plur|PronType=Dem	13	det	_	_
13	people	people	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obj	_	_
14	come	come	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
15	from	from	ADP	IN	_	14	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: ask* | past | Bluejay |  | Bluejay's elder sister |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to sister=Recipient |
| 2 | **come** *in a quote* | present | Bluejay *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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