---
title: Bluejay said to him, speaking slowly and in a low voice, “Where is y… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: Bluejay said to him, speaking slowly and in a low voice, “Where is your fishing-fence?” Who acts: Bluejay. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Bluejay Visits the Ghosts, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, Bluejay Visits the Ghosts, sentence 45

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Bluejay said to him, speaking slowly and in a low voice, “Where is your fishing-fence?”

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**Who acts:** Bluejay · **What happens:** say, speak, be · **To what, where:** boy, fishing fence · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Bluejay Visits the Ghosts. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Bluejay), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:6:45
# text = Bluejay said to him, speaking slowly and in a low voice, “Where is your fishing-fence?”
1	Bluejay	Bluejay	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	2	nsubj	_	_
2	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
6	speaking	speak	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
7	slowly	slowly	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	12	cc	_	_
9	in	in	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
11	low	low	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	12	amod	_	_
12	voice	voice	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	20	punct	_	_
14	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	Where	where	ADV	WRB	PronType=Rel	20	advmod	_	_
16	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	20	cop	_	_
17	your	your	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Person=2|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	20	nmod:poss	_	_
18	fishing	fishing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	20	compound	_	SpaceAfter=No
19	-	-	PUNCT	HYPH	_	18	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	fence	fence	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	6	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	?	?	PUNCT	.	_	20	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	20	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Bluejay |  | boy |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V PP.recipient S-Quote»: agent=Agent to he=Recipient |
| 2 | **speak** *speech: other* | gerund | Bluejay *not said here* |  |  |  |  | slowly *property* | vn talk-37.5 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **is a** *in a quote* | present |  | your fishing fence |  |  |  | your *nmod:poss* | tree rules |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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