---
title: The little Fox ran fast, gliding along like a bird; and the Buffalo,… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: The little Fox ran fast, gliding along like a bird; and the Buffalo, when they saw him running, chased him and ran hard. Who acts: little Fox, brothers, Fox. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Girl Who Was the Ring [1], with its depend
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Girl Who Was the Ring \[1\], sentence 143

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The little Fox ran fast, gliding along like a bird; and the Buffalo, when they saw him running, chased him and ran hard.

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**Who acts:** little Fox, brothers, Fox · **What happens:** run, glide, see, chase · **To what, where:** Buffalo, Fox

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Girl Who Was the Ring \[1\]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (little Fox, brothers, Fox), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:7:143
# text = The little Fox ran fast, gliding along like a bird; and the Buffalo, when they saw him running, chased him and ran hard.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	little	little	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	Fox	fox	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	fast	fast	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	4	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	7	punct	_	_
7	gliding	glide	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	4	advcl	_	_
8	along	along	ADV	RB	_	7	advmod	_	_
9	like	like	ADP	IN	_	11	case	_	_
10	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
11	bird	bird	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	7	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
13	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	15	cc	_	_
14	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
15	Buffalo	Buffalo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
16	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
17	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	19	advmod	_	_
18	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	nsubj	_	_
19	saw	see	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
20	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	19	obj	_	_
21	running	run	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	19	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	23	punct	_	_
23	chased	chase	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	19	parataxis	_	_
24	him	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	23	obj	_	_
25	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
26	ran	run	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=1|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	conj	_	_
27	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	26	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
28	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **run** | past | the little Fox | the Buffalo |  |  |  | fast *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **glide** | gerund | the little Fox *not said here* |  |  |  |  | like a bird; along *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 3 | **see** | past | brothers *= brother* | Fox |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 4 | **run** | gerund | Fox *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 5 | **chase** | past |  | Fox |  |  |  |  | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent he=Theme |
| 6 | **run** | past |  |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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