---
title: He began to swing her, at first gently, but all at once he pushed he… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: He began to swing her, at first gently, but all at once he pushed her very hard, and kept doing this until she swung high. Who acts: Buffalo, all, girl. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Girl Who Was the Ring [1], with its dependency 
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Girl Who Was the Ring \[1\], sentence 42

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He began to swing her, at first gently, but all at once he pushed her very hard, and kept doing this until she swung high.

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**Who acts:** Buffalo, all, girl · **What happens:** begin, swing, push, keep, do · **To what, where:** girl, this

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Girl Who Was the Ring \[1\]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Buffalo, all, girl), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:7:42
# text = He began to swing her, at first gently, but all at once he pushed her very hard, and kept doing this until she swung high.
1	He	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	began	begin	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	to	to	PART	TO	_	4	mark	_	_
4	swing	swing	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	2	xcomp	_	_
5	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
6	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	8	punct	_	_
7	at	at	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
8	first	first	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Ord	4	advmod	_	_
9	gently	gently	ADV	RB	_	8	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
10	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
11	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	16	cc	_	_
12	all	all	DET	DT	PronType=Tot	16	nsubj	_	_
13	at	at	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
14	once	once	ADV	RB	NumForm=Word|NumType=Mult	12	nmod	_	_
15	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	nsubj	_	_
16	pushed	push	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	conj	_	_
17	her	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	16	obj	_	_
18	very	very	ADV	RB	_	19	advmod	_	_
19	hard	hard	ADV	RB	Degree=Pos	16	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
20	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	22	punct	_	_
21	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	22	cc	_	_
22	kept	keep	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	2	parataxis	_	_
23	doing	do	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	22	xcomp	_	_
24	this	this	PRON	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	23	obj	_	_
25	until	until	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
26	she	she	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	27	nsubj	_	_
27	swung	swing	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	22	advcl	_	_
28	high	high	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	27	xcomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
29	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **begin** | past | Buffalo |  |  |  |  |  | vn begin-55.1-1-1 «NP V S\_INF»: agent=Agent clause=Eventuality |
| 2 | **swing** | to-infinitive | Buffalo *not said here* | girl |  |  |  | first *property* | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP V ADJ.result»: agent=Theme she=Result |
| 3 | **push** | past | all | girl |  |  |  | Buffalo *nsubj*; hard *property* | vn carry-11.4-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent she=Theme |
| 4 | **keep** | past |  |  |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 5 | **do** | gerund |  | this |  |  |  |  | vn act-114-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent this=Eventuality |
| 6 | **swing** | past | girl |  |  |  |  | high *property* | vn calibratable\_cos-45.6.1-1 «NP.attribute V»: agent=Attribute |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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