--- title: The Buffalo were now just all over the ground about the lodge, and s… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics description: The Buffalo were now just all over the ground about the lodge, and suddenly one of the young Bulls, the leader of a big band, as he passed under the swing, threw up his head, and the girl disappeared, but the Coyote, peeping out of the lodge door, saw on the horn of this Bull a ring, and then he kne --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/7/46/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Punishment of the Stingy, and Othe…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/) / [The Girl Who Was the Ring \[1\]](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/7/) / 46 # The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Girl Who Was the Ring \[1\], sentence 46 The Buffalo were now just all over the ground about the lodge, and suddenly one of the young Bulls, the leader of a big band, as he passed under the swing, threw up his head, and the girl disappeared, but the Coyote, peeping out of the lodge door, saw on the horn of this Bull a ring, and then he knew that this ring was the girl. **Who acts:** Buffalo, one, girl, Coyote, ring · **What happens:** be, leader, pass, throw up, disappear, peep out · **To what, where:** ground, swing, head, lodge door, horn, girl · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Girl Who Was the Ring \[1\]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Buffalo, one, girl, Coyote), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg66596:7:46 # text = The Buffalo were now just all over the ground about the lodge, and suddenly one of the young Bulls, the leader of a big band, as he passed under the swing, threw up his head, and the girl disappeared, but the Coyote, peeping out of the lodge door, saw on the horn of this Bull a ring, and then he knew that this ring was the girl. 1 The the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 2 det _ _ 2 Buffalo Buffalo PROPN NNP Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 3 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 cop _ _ 4 now now ADV RB PronType=Dem 9 advmod _ _ 5 just just ADV RB _ 6 advmod _ _ 6 all all ADV RB _ 9 advmod _ _ 7 over over ADP IN _ 9 case _ _ 8 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 9 det _ _ 9 ground ground NOUN NN Number=Sing 0 root _ _ 10 about about ADP IN _ 12 case _ _ 11 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 12 det _ _ 12 lodge lodge NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 13 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 14 and and CCONJ CC _ 23 cc _ _ 15 suddenly suddenly ADV RB _ 16 advmod _ _ 16 one one NUM CD NumForm=Word|NumType=Card 23 nsubj _ _ 17 of of ADP IN _ 20 case _ _ 18 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 20 det _ _ 19 young young ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 20 amod _ _ 20 Bulls Bull PROPN NNPS Number=Plur 16 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 21 , , PUNCT , _ 23 punct _ _ 22 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 23 det _ _ 23 leader leader NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nmod _ _ 24 of of ADP IN _ 27 case _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 26 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 27 band band NOUN NN Number=Sing 23 nmod _ SpaceAfter=No 28 , , PUNCT , _ 31 punct _ _ 29 as as SCONJ IN _ 31 mark _ _ 30 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 31 nsubj _ _ 31 passed pass VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 parataxis _ _ 32 under under ADP IN _ 34 case _ _ 33 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 34 det _ _ 34 swing swing NOUN NN Number=Sing 31 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 35 , , PUNCT , _ 36 punct _ _ 36 threw throw VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 31 conj _ _ 37 up up ADP RP _ 36 compound:prt _ _ 38 his his PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 39 nmod:poss _ _ 39 head head NOUN NN Number=Sing 36 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 40 , , PUNCT , _ 44 punct _ _ 41 and and CCONJ CC _ 44 cc _ _ 42 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 43 det _ _ 43 girl girl NOUN NN Number=Sing 44 nsubj _ _ 44 disappeared disappear VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 31 conj _ SpaceAfter=No 45 , , PUNCT , _ 57 punct _ _ 46 but but CCONJ CC _ 57 cc _ _ 47 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 48 det _ _ 48 Coyote Coyote PROPN NNP Number=Sing 57 nsubj _ SpaceAfter=No 49 , , PUNCT , _ 50 punct _ _ 50 peeping peep VERB VBG VerbForm=Ger 48 acl _ _ 51 out out ADP IN _ 55 case _ _ 52 of of ADP IN _ 55 case _ _ 53 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 55 det _ _ 54 lodge lodge NOUN NN Number=Sing 55 compound _ _ 55 door door NOUN NN Number=Sing 50 obl _ SpaceAfter=No 56 , , PUNCT , _ 48 punct _ _ 57 saw see VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 44 parataxis _ _ 58 on on ADP IN _ 60 case _ _ 59 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 60 det _ _ 60 horn horn NOUN NN Number=Sing 57 obl _ _ 61 of of ADP IN _ 63 case _ _ 62 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 63 det _ _ 63 Bull bull NOUN NN Number=Sing 60 nmod _ _ 64 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 65 det _ _ 65 ring ring NOUN NN Number=Sing 63 appos _ SpaceAfter=No 66 , , PUNCT , _ 70 punct _ _ 67 and and CCONJ CC _ 70 cc _ _ 68 then then ADV RB PronType=Dem 70 advmod _ _ 69 he he PRON PRP Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs 70 nsubj _ _ 70 knew know VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 57 conj _ _ 71 that that SCONJ IN _ 76 mark _ _ 72 this this DET DT Number=Sing|PronType=Dem 73 det _ _ 73 ring ring NOUN NN Number=Sing 76 nsubj _ _ 74 was be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 76 cop _ _ 75 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 76 det _ _ 76 girl girl NOUN NN Number=Sing 70 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 77 . . PUNCT . _ 9 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **is** | past | the Buffalo | | | the ground | now | about the lodge; all *property* | tree rules | | 2 | **leader** | | one of the young Bulls | | | | | of a big band | tree rules | | 3 | **pass** | past | Buffalo | | | the swing | | | vn occur-48.3-1 «NP V PP»: agent=Theme under swing=Location | | 4 | **throw up** | past | Buffalo *not said here* | Buffalo's head | | | | | vn breathe-40.1.2 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent head=Theme | | 5 | **disappear** | past | the girl | | | | | | vn disappearance-48.2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 6 | **peep out** | gerund | the Coyote *not said here* | the lodge door | | | | | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V NP.theme»: agent=Agent door=Theme | | 7 | **see** | past | the Coyote | | | the horn of this Bull | | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 8 | **know** | past | Coyote | | | | then | | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V»: agent=Experiencer | | 9 | **is a** | past | this ring | the girl | | | | | tree rules | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 45](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/7/45/) - next →: [sentence 47](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/7/47/) - ↑ back to [The Girl Who Was the Ring \[1\]](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/7/)