---
title: As the swing moved, they would see dust rising all around the horizo… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: As the swing moved, they would see dust rising all around the horizon, and would know that the Buffalo were coming. Who acts: swing, boys, dust, Buffalo. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Girl Who Was the Ring [1], with its dependency
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The Girl Who Was the Ring \[1\], sentence 6

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As the swing moved, they would see dust rising all around the horizon, and would know that the Buffalo were coming.

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**Who acts:** swing, boys, dust, Buffalo · **What happens:** move, see, rise, know, come · **To what, where:** dust, horizon · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The Girl Who Was the Ring \[1\]. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (swing, boys, dust, Buffalo), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:7:6
# text = As the swing moved, they would see dust rising all around the horizon, and would know that the Buffalo were coming.
1	As	as	SCONJ	IN	_	4	mark	_	_
2	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
3	swing	swing	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	moved	move	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	8	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
5	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	_
6	they	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	8	nsubj	_	_
7	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	8	aux	_	_
8	see	see	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	0	root	_	_
9	dust	dust	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
10	rising	rise	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	9	acl	_	_
11	all	all	ADV	RB	_	14	advmod	_	_
12	around	around	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	14	det	_	_
14	horizon	horizon	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	10	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	18	punct	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	18	cc	_	_
17	would	would	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	18	aux	_	_
18	know	know	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	8	conj	_	_
19	that	that	SCONJ	IN	_	23	mark	_	_
20	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	21	det	_	_
21	Buffalo	Buffalo	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	23	nsubj	_	_
22	were	be	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	23	aux	_	_
23	coming	come	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	18	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
24	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	8	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **move** | past | the swing |  |  |  |  |  | vn roll-51.3.1 «NP.theme V»: agent=Theme |
| 2 | **see** | would | boys *= boy* | dust |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Experiencer dust=Stimulus |
| 3 | **rise** | gerund | dust *not said here* |  |  | the horizon |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent around horizon=Location |
| 4 | **know** | would | boys *= boy* *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn comprehend-87.2-1-1-1 «NP V S\_ING»: agent=Experiencer clause=Stimulus |
| 5 | **come** | past · progressive | the Buffalo |  |  |  |  |  | vn escape-51.1-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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