---
title: A great buffalo bull stands in this gateway and blocks it up. — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics
description: A great buffalo bull stands in this gateway and blocks it up. Who acts: great buffalo bull. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The First Corn, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The First Corn, sentence 22

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A great buffalo bull stands in this gateway and blocks it up.

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**Who acts:** great buffalo bull · **What happens:** stand, block up · **To what, where:** gateway

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This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The First Corn. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (great buffalo bull), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66596:8:22
# text = A great buffalo bull stands in this gateway and blocks it up.
1	A	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	4	det	_	_
2	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	4	amod	_	_
3	buffalo	buffalo	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	compound	_	_
4	bull	bull	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	nsubj	_	_
5	stands	stand	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	this	this	DET	DT	Number=Sing|PronType=Dem	8	det	_	_
8	gateway	gateway	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	5	obl	_	_
9	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	10	cc	_	_
10	blocks	block	VERB	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	5	conj	_	_
11	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Acc|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	obj	_	_
12	up	up	ADP	RP	_	10	compound:prt	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	5	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **stand** | present | a great buffalo bull |  |  | this gateway |  |  | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in gateway=Location |
| 2 | **block up** | present | a great buffalo bull *not said here* | gateway |  |  |  |  | vn forbid-64.4-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Causer it=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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