--- title: When the people learned that the buffalo were there, they all took t… — The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian S… · tree and pragmatics description: When the people learned that the buffalo were there, they all took their arrows and ran out and chased the buffalo and made a big killing, so that there was plenty in the camp and they made much dried meat. Who acts: people, buffalo, plenty. A sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Ind --- [Mova](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) · [this page in HTML](https://mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/8/65/) [home](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/) / [corpora](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/) / [tales](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/) / [The Punishment of the Stingy, and Othe…](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/) / [The First Corn](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/8/) / 65 # The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories, The First Corn, sentence 65 When the people learned that the buffalo were there, they all took their arrows and ran out and chased the buffalo and made a big killing, so that there was plenty in the camp and they made much dried meat. **Who acts:** people, buffalo, plenty · **What happens:** learn, be, take, run out, chase, make · **To what, where:** arrows, buffalo, big killing, dried meat · **Speech:** someone speaks here This is a sentence of «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, The First Corn. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (people, buffalo, plenty), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree. **Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong. ## The tree {#tree} ```conllu # sent_id = book:pg66596:8:65 # text = When the people learned that the buffalo were there, they all took their arrows and ran out and chased the buffalo and made a big killing, so that there was plenty in the camp and they made much dried meat. 1 When when ADV WRB PronType=Int 4 advmod _ _ 2 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 3 det _ _ 3 people people NOUN NNS Number=Plur 4 nsubj _ _ 4 learned learn VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 13 advcl _ _ 5 that that SCONJ IN _ 9 mark _ _ 6 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 7 det _ _ 7 buffalo buffalo NOUN NN Number=Sing 9 nsubj _ _ 8 were be AUX VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 9 cop _ _ 9 there there ADV RB PronType=Dem 4 ccomp _ SpaceAfter=No 10 , , PUNCT , _ 4 punct _ _ 11 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 13 nsubj _ _ 12 all all DET DT PronType=Tot 11 det _ _ 13 took take VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 0 root _ _ 14 their their PRON PRP$ Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs 15 nmod:poss _ _ 15 arrows arrow NOUN NNS Number=Plur 13 obj _ _ 16 and and CCONJ CC _ 17 cc _ _ 17 ran run VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 13 conj _ _ 18 out out ADP RP _ 17 compound:prt _ _ 19 and and CCONJ CC _ 20 cc _ _ 20 chased chase VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 13 conj _ _ 21 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 22 det _ _ 22 buffalo buffalo NOUN NN Number=Sing 20 obj _ _ 23 and and CCONJ CC _ 24 cc _ _ 24 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 13 conj _ _ 25 a a DET DT Definite=Ind|PronType=Art 27 det _ _ 26 big big ADJ JJ Degree=Pos 27 amod _ _ 27 killing killing NOUN NN Number=Sing 24 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 28 , , PUNCT , _ 32 punct _ _ 29 so so SCONJ IN ExtPos=SCONJ 32 mark _ _ 30 that that SCONJ IN _ 29 fixed _ _ 31 there there PRON EX PronType=Dem 32 expl _ _ 32 was be VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 parataxis _ _ 33 plenty plenty NOUN NN Number=Sing 32 nsubj _ _ 34 in in ADP IN _ 36 case _ _ 35 the the DET DT Definite=Def|PronType=Art 36 det _ _ 36 camp camp NOUN NN Number=Sing 33 nmod _ _ 37 and and CCONJ CC _ 39 cc _ _ 38 they they PRON PRP Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs 39 nsubj _ _ 39 made make VERB VBD Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin 24 conj _ _ 40 much much ADV RB _ 41 advmod _ _ 41 dried dry VERB VBN Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass 42 amod _ _ 42 meat meat NOUN NN Number=Sing 39 obj _ SpaceAfter=No 43 . . PUNCT . _ 13 punct _ _ ``` ## Pragmatics {#pragmatics} | # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by | | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | | 1 | **learn** | past | the people | | | | | | vn learn-14-1 «NP V»: agent=Agent | | 2 | **is** | past | the buffalo | | | | | there *property* | tree rules | | 3 | **take** | past | people | people's arrows | | | | | vn bring-11.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent arrow=Theme | | 4 | **run out** | past | people *not said here* | | | | | | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 5 | **chase** | past | people *not said here* | the buffalo | | | | | vn chase-51.6 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent buffalo=Theme | | 6 | **make** | past | people *not said here* | a big killing | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset killing=Product | | 7 | **be** | past | plenty in the camp | | | there | | | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme | | 8 | **make** | past | people | dried meat | | | | | vn build-26.1-1 «NP.asset V NP»: agent=Asset meat=Product | | 9 | **dry** | participle | | | | | | | vn other\_cos-45.4-1 «NP.patient V»: agent=Patient | One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree. **Text:** «The Punishment of the Stingy, and Other Indian Stories» by George Bird Grinnell, Project Gutenberg book 66596 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order. - ← previous: [sentence 64](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/8/64/) - next →: [sentence 66](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/8/66/) - ↑ back to [The First Corn](https://md.mova.elamur.ai/free/en/corpora/tales/pg66596/8/)