---
title: Scarcely had he spoken when the heifer rushed out of the smithy, pau… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: Scarcely had he spoken when the heifer rushed out of the smithy, pausing not a moment to salute her master. Who acts: heifer. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Caldron, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Caldron, sentence 116

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Scarcely had he spoken when the heifer rushed out of the smithy, pausing not a moment to salute her master.

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**Who acts:** heifer · **What happens:** speak, rush out, pause, salute · **To what, where:** Scarcely, smithy, master · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Caldron. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (heifer), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:10:116
# text = Scarcely had he spoken when the heifer rushed out of the smithy, pausing not a moment to salute her master.
1	Scarcely	Scarcely	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	4	nsubj:pass	_	_
2	had	have	AUX	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
3	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	4	nsubj	_	_
4	spoken	speak	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	when	when	ADV	WRB	PronType=Int	8	advmod	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	heifer	heifer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	nsubj	_	_
8	rushed	rush	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	parataxis	_	_
9	out	out	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
10	of	of	ADP	IN	_	12	case	_	_
11	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	12	det	_	_
12	smithy	smithy	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	14	punct	_	_
14	pausing	pause	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	8	advcl	_	_
15	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	17	advmod	_	_
16	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	moment	moment	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	14	obj	_	_
18	to	to	PART	TO	_	19	mark	_	_
19	salute	salute	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	14	advcl	_	_
20	her	her	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	21	nmod:poss	_	_
21	master	master	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	19	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
22	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **speak** *speech: other* | past · perfect · passive |  | Scarcely |  |  |  |  | tree rules |
| 2 | **rush out** | past | the heifer | the smithy |  |  |  |  | vn run-51.3.2-2-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Theme smithy=Trajectory |
| 3 | **pause** | gerund | the heifer *not said here* |  |  |  | moment |  | vn linger-53.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **salute** | to-infinitive | the heifer *not said here* | heifer's master |  |  |  |  | vn curtsey-40.3.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent master=Topic |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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