---
title: “Women may lose their courage,” he said; “fools may give up a task b… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: “Women may lose their courage,” he said; “fools may give up a task because it is hard; but heroes persevere, wizards and smiths conquer.” Who acts: Women, Ilmarinen, fools, heroes. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Caldron, with its dependency tree and t
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Caldron, sentence 39

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“Women may lose their courage,” he said; “fools may give up a task because it is hard; but heroes persevere, wizards and smiths conquer.”

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**Who acts:** Women, Ilmarinen, fools, heroes, wizards · **What happens:** lose, say, give up, be, persevere, conquer · **To what, where:** courage, task · **Speech:** someone speaks here

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Caldron. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Women, Ilmarinen, fools, heroes), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:10:39
# text = “Women may lose their courage,” he said; “fools may give up a task because it is hard; but heroes persevere, wizards and smiths conquer.”
1	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	Women	woman	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
3	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	4	aux	_	_
4	lose	lose	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	ccomp	_	_
5	their	their	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Number=Plur|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	6	nmod:poss	_	_
6	courage	courage	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	4	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
8	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	4	punct	_	_
9	he	he	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	10	nsubj	_	_
10	said	say	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
11	;	;	PUNCT	:	_	15	punct	_	_
12	“	"	PUNCT	``	_	13	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
13	fools	fool	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	15	nsubj	_	_
14	may	may	AUX	MD	VerbForm=Fin	15	aux	_	_
15	give	give	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	ccomp	_	_
16	up	up	ADP	RP	_	15	compound:prt	_	_
17	a	a	DET	DT	Definite=Ind|PronType=Art	18	det	_	_
18	task	task	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	obj	_	_
19	because	because	SCONJ	IN	_	22	mark	_	_
20	it	it	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|PronType=Prs	22	expl	_	_
21	is	be	AUX	VBZ	Mood=Ind|Number=Sing|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	22	cop	_	_
22	hard	hard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	advcl	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	;	;	PUNCT	,	_	26	punct	_	_
24	but	but	CCONJ	CC	_	26	cc	_	_
25	heroes	hero	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	26	nsubj	_	_
26	persevere	persevere	VERB	VB	VerbForm=Inf	10	ccomp	_	SpaceAfter=No
27	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	28	punct	_	_
28	wizards	wizard	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	31	nsubj	_	_
29	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	30	cc	_	_
30	smiths	smith	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	28	conj	_	_
31	conquer	conquer	VERB	VBP	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Fin	26	parataxis	_	SpaceAfter=No
32	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	26	punct	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	”	"	PUNCT	''	_	26	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

<!-- .fr -->
| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **lose** *in a quote* | may | Women | Women's courage |  |  |  |  | vn succeed-74-3-1 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent courage=Eventuality |
| 2 | **say** *speech: assert* | past | Ilmarinen |  |  |  |  |  | vn say-37.7-1-1 «NP V that S»: agent=Agent clause=Topic |
| 3 | **give up** *in a quote* | may | fools | a task |  |  |  |  | vn resign-10.11-2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent task=Source |
| 4 | **is** *in a quote* | present | fools *not said here* |  |  |  |  | hard *property* | tree rules |
| 5 | **persevere** *in a quote* | infinitive | heroes |  |  |  |  |  | vn exist-47.1 «NP V»: agent=Theme |
| 6 | **conquer** *in a quote* | present | wizards and smiths |  |  |  |  |  | vn subjugate-42.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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