---
title: They came on snowshoes and in reindeer sledges, battling with the wi… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: They came on snowshoes and in reindeer sledges, battling with the wintry storm winds and heeding not the cold. Who acts: Herdsmen. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Caldron, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Caldron, sentence 6

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They came on snowshoes and in reindeer sledges, battling with the wintry storm winds and heeding not the cold.

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**Who acts:** Herdsmen · **What happens:** come, battle, heed · **To what, where:** snowshoes, cold

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Caldron. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (Herdsmen), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:10:6
# text = They came on snowshoes and in reindeer sledges, battling with the wintry storm winds and heeding not the cold.
1	They	they	PRON	PRP	Case=Nom|Number=Plur|Person=3|PronType=Prs	2	nsubj	_	_
2	came	come	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
3	on	on	ADP	IN	_	4	case	_	_
4	snowshoes	snowshoe	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	2	obl	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
6	in	in	ADP	IN	_	8	case	_	_
7	reindeer	reindeer	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	compound	_	_
8	sledges	sledge	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
9	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	10	punct	_	_
10	battling	battle	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	2	advcl	_	_
11	with	with	ADP	IN	_	15	case	_	_
12	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	15	det	_	_
13	wintry	wintry	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	15	amod	_	_
14	storm	storm	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	15	compound	_	_
15	winds	wind	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	10	obl	_	_
16	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	17	cc	_	_
17	heeding	heed	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	10	conj	_	_
18	not	not	PART	RB	Polarity=Neg	20	advmod	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	20	det	_	_
20	cold	cold	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	17	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
21	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	2	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **come** | past | Herdsmen *= herdsman* |  |  | snowshoes and reindeer sledges |  |  | vn appear-48.1.1 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Theme on snowshoe=Location |
| 2 | **battle** | gerund | Herdsmen *= herdsman* *not said here* |  |  |  |  | with the wintry storm winds | vn battle-36.4-1 «NP V PP.co-agent»: agent=Agent with wind=Co-Agent |
| 3 | **heed** | gerund | Herdsmen *= herdsman* *not said here* | the cold |  |  |  |  | vn abide\_by-93.2 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent cold=Theme |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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