---
title: The black smoke poured from the chimney and rose in cloudlike, inky… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: The black smoke poured from the chimney and rose in cloudlike, inky masses to the sky. Who acts: black smoke. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Caldron, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Caldron, sentence 65

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The black smoke poured from the chimney and rose in cloudlike, inky masses to the sky.

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**Who acts:** black smoke · **What happens:** pour, rise · **To what, where:** chimney, cloudlike inky masses

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Caldron. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (black smoke), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:10:65
# text = The black smoke poured from the chimney and rose in cloudlike, inky masses to the sky.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	black	black	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	smoke	smoke	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	nsubj	_	_
4	poured	pour	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	0	root	_	_
5	from	from	ADP	IN	_	7	case	_	_
6	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	7	det	_	_
7	chimney	chimney	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	4	obl	_	_
8	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	9	cc	_	_
9	rose	rise	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
10	in	in	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
11	cloudlike	cloudlike	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
13	inky	inky	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	14	amod	_	_
14	masses	mass	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	9	obl	_	_
15	to	to	ADP	IN	_	17	case	_	_
16	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	17	det	_	_
17	sky	sky	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	9	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
18	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **pour** | participle | the black smoke |  |  | the chimney |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «NP.theme V PP.source»: agent=Theme from chimney=Source |
| 2 | **rise** | past | the black smoke *not said here* |  |  | cloudlike inky masses |  | to the sky | vn assuming\_position-50 «NP V PP.location»: agent=Agent in mass=Location |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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