---
title: So, the chilling East Wind, the whistling South Wind, the laughing W… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: So, the chilling East Wind, the whistling South Wind, the laughing West Wind, and the blustering North Wind, joined together in giving aid to the wizard Smith. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Forging of the Sampo, with its dependency tree and the pragm
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Forging of the Sampo, sentence 23

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So, the chilling East Wind, the whistling South Wind, the laughing West Wind, and the blustering North Wind, joined together in giving aid to the wizard Smith.

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**What happens:** chill, whistle, laugh, bluster, join, give · **To what, where:** North Wind, aid, wizard Smith, chilling East Wind

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Forging of the Sampo. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:11:23
# text = So, the chilling East Wind, the whistling South Wind, the laughing West Wind, and the blustering North Wind, joined together in giving aid to the wizard Smith.
1	So	so	ADV	RB	_	6	advmod	_	SpaceAfter=No
2	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	6	punct	_	_
3	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	det	_	_
4	chilling	chill	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	6	amod	_	_
5	East	East	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	compound	_	_
6	Wind	Wind	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	0	root	_	SpaceAfter=No
7	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	11	punct	_	_
8	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
9	whistling	whistle	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	11	amod	_	_
10	South	South	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	11	compound	_	_
11	Wind	Wind	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
12	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	16	punct	_	_
13	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	16	det	_	_
14	laughing	laugh	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	16	amod	_	_
15	West	West	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	16	compound	_	_
16	Wind	Wind	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	6	conj	_	SpaceAfter=No
17	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	19	punct	_	_
18	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	19	cc	_	_
19	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	6	conj	_	_
20	blustering	bluster	VERB	VBG	VerbForm=Ger	19	acl	_	_
21	North	North	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	22	compound	_	_
22	Wind	Wind	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	20	obj	_	SpaceAfter=No
23	,	,	PUNCT	,	_	24	punct	_	_
24	joined	join	VERB	VBN	Tense=Past|VerbForm=Part|Voice=Pass	22	acl	_	_
25	together	together	ADV	RB	_	24	advmod	_	_
26	in	in	SCONJ	IN	_	27	mark	_	_
27	giving	give	VERB	VBG	Tense=Pres|VerbForm=Part	24	advcl	_	_
28	aid	aid	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	27	obj	_	_
29	to	to	ADP	IN	_	32	case	_	_
30	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	32	det	_	_
31	wizard	wizard	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	32	amod	_	_
32	Smith	Smith	PROPN	NNP	Number=Sing	27	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
33	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	6	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **chill** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn amuse-31.1 «NP V ADV-Middle»: agent=Experiencer |
| 2 | **whistle** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **laugh** | gerund |  |  |  |  |  |  | vn nonverbal\_expression-40.2 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 4 | **bluster** *speech: other* | gerund |  | North Wind |  |  |  |  | vn manner\_speaking-37.3 «NP V NP»: agent=Agent wind=Topic |
| 5 | **join** | participle |  | North Wind *not said here* |  |  |  | together *property* | vn mix-22.1-2-1 «NP V»: agent=Patient |
| 6 | **give** | gerund |  | aid | the wizard Smith |  |  |  | vn give-13.1-1 «NP V NP PP.recipient»: agent=Agent aid=Theme to smith=Recipient |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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