---
title: The great bellows puffed and groaned and shook the very ground with… — The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North · tree and pragmatics
description: The great bellows puffed and groaned and shook the very ground with its roaring. Who acts: great bellows, ground. A sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Forging of the Sampo, with its dependency tree and the pragmatics of every clause.
---

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# The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North, The Forging of the Sampo, sentence 25

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The great bellows puffed and groaned and shook the very ground with its roaring.

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**Who acts:** great bellows, ground · **What happens:** puff, groan, shake, roar · **To what, where:** ground

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This is a sentence of «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, The Forging of the Sampo. The page gives its syntax tree — a dependency tree in the style of Universal Dependencies — and its pragmatics clause by clause: who acts (great bellows, ground), what happens, when and where, as Mova's frames read it from the tree.

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**Mova's own parse.** This tree may be wrong.

## The tree {#tree}

```conllu
# sent_id = book:pg66819:11:25
# text = The great bellows puffed and groaned and shook the very ground with its roaring.
1	The	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	3	det	_	_
2	great	great	ADJ	JJ	Degree=Pos	3	amod	_	_
3	bellows	bellow	NOUN	NNS	Number=Plur	4	nsubj	_	_
4	puffed	puff	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	0	root	_	_
5	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	6	cc	_	_
6	groaned	groan	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
7	and	and	CCONJ	CC	_	8	cc	_	_
8	shook	shake	VERB	VBD	Mood=Ind|Number=Plur|Person=3|Tense=Past|VerbForm=Fin	4	conj	_	_
9	the	the	DET	DT	Definite=Def|PronType=Art	11	det	_	_
10	very	very	ADV	RB	_	11	advmod	_	_
11	ground	ground	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obj	_	_
12	with	with	ADP	IN	_	14	case	_	_
13	its	its	PRON	PRP$	Case=Gen|Gender=Neut|Number=Sing|Person=3|Poss=Yes|PronType=Prs	14	nmod:poss	_	_
14	roaring	roaring	NOUN	NN	Number=Sing	8	obl	_	SpaceAfter=No
15	.	.	PUNCT	.	_	4	punct	_	_
```

## Pragmatics {#pragmatics}

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| # | verb | tense, mood | who | what, whom | to whom | where | when | other | roles by |
| --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- |
| 1 | **puff** | past | the great bellows |  |  |  |  |  | vn substance\_emission-43.4-1 «NP V»: agent=Source |
| 2 | **groan** | past | the great bellows *not said here* |  |  |  |  |  | vn animal\_sounds-38 «NP V»: agent=Agent |
| 3 | **shake** | past | the great bellows *not said here* | the ground |  |  |  | with ground's roaring | vn shake-22.3-2 «NP V NP PP»: agent=Agent ground=Patient with roaring=Co-Patient |
| 4 | **roar** |  | ground |  |  |  |  |  | nom roaring «event intransitive»: poss=agent |

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One row per clause the reader finds. «not said here»: a role filled from the clause above. «roles by»: a VerbNet class and frame when one fits the verb, else the reader's rules on the tree.

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**Text:** «The Sampo: A Wonder Tale of the Old North» by James Baldwin, Project Gutenberg book 66819 (public domain in the USA). **Tree:** Mova's own parse, Elamur Cosmic License. **Frames:** Mova's frames reader (`prag`), the chapter read in order.

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